Bovine dermatophilosis,A re-emerging pandemic disease in zimbabwe |
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| Authors: | P Chatikobo T Choga C Ncube J Muzenda-Mutambara |
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| Institution: | (1) Present address: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Umutara Polytechnic, P. B. 57, Nyagatare, Rwanda;(2) Department of Statistics, University of Zimbabwe, P. O. Box mp 167, Harare, Zimbabwe;(3) Department of Veterinary Services, P. O. Box CY 551, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe |
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| Abstract: | To determine the current distribution of bovine dermatophilosis in Zimbabwe, participatory rural appraisals were held at 36
locations in six districts. Results showed that bovine dermatophilosis is no longer confined to Hwange-Lupane area, but is
now endemic in Gokwe, Sanyati, Kwekwe, and Kadoma. Virgin outbreaks of the disease were preceded by the appearance of Amblyomma
variegatum ticks within an area. Spreading to new geographical areas (cited above) occurred during the liberation struggle
(1975/79), droughts (1992/93, 1995/96), and of late, the land re-distribution exercise (2000–2002). Immediately after the
war (1980/82), both the ticks and the disease were first cited in Gokwe whereas prior to that (1922–1980), both were confined
to Hwange-Lupane area in the northwestern parts of Zimbabwe. Transmission from Gokwe to Sanyati, and from Sanyati to Chenjiri,
occurred during the droughts of 1992/93 and 1995/96 respectively. In all the cases, the spreading of dermatophilosis was secondary
to reduced tick control on cattle. The presence of dermatophilosis in the highveld (Kwekwe, Kadoma), a prime cattle production
zone for the country, is a major threat to livestock production. These results have policy implications for tick and tick-associated
diseases (dermatophilosis) control strategies for Zimbabwe. |
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