| 保护性耕作对小麦-土壤系统综合效应研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张水清,黄绍敏,聂胜委,郭斗斗,程秀洲.保护性耕作对小麦-土壤系统综合效应研究[J].核农学报,2012,26(3):587-593. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张水清 黄绍敏 聂胜委 郭斗斗 程秀洲 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,国家潮土土壤肥力与肥料效益长期监测站,河南郑州450002
2. 河南省潢川县农业技术推广中心,河南信阳,465150 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目，河南省省院科技合作项目，河南省潮土区耕地评价与定向培育技术研究 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用长期定位试验与短期田间试验相结合的方法,通过室内化验分析和数理统计,研究了河南省不同土壤类型区保护性耕作对土壤理化性质、土壤微生物生物量碳氮及小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)籽粒产量和产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,与传统耕作相比,保护性耕作显著提高土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷及交换性钾含量,分别提高24.8%、14.3%、7.8%和24.8%;而对小麦增产效果并不显著。4种不同保护性耕作方式下,免耕、浅耕相比旋耕、深耕,提高小麦穗数15.0%～32.2%,提高穗粒数2.6%～12.6%,但4种处理间小麦千粒重及籽粒产量效果无显著差异;免耕、浅耕较旋耕、深耕可以一定程度上提高苗期和灌浆期土壤含水率、以及土壤碱解氮和有效磷,并显著提高小麦不同生育时期的土壤微生物生物量碳氮。免耕与浅耕是较为适宜河南省小麦生产及土壤可持续利用的保护性耕作方式。
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| 关 键 词： | 保护性耕作 小麦产量 土壤有机质 碱解氮 有效磷 交换性钾 微生物生物量碳氮 |
COMPREHENSIVE EFFECTS OF CONSERVATION TILLAGE ON WHEAT-SOIL SYSTEM |
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| ZHANG Shui-qing,HUANG Shao-min,NIE Sheng-wei,GUO Dou-dou,CHENG Xiu-zhou.COMPREHENSIVE EFFECTS OF CONSERVATION TILLAGE ON WHEAT-SOIL SYSTEM[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2012,26(3):587-593. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Shui-qing HUANG Shao-min NIE Sheng-wei GUO Dou-dou CHENG Xiu-zhou |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Science,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Long-term Monitoring Station of Fluvo-Aquic Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Effects,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002; 2.Agricultural Technique and Popularization Center in Huangchuan,Xinyang,Henan 465150) |
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| Abstract: | Combination of long-term(18 years at Zhengzhou) and short-term(2 years at Yanling) field experiment,chemical analysis and data statistics were employed to study comprehensive effects of conservation tillage on wheat-soil system.The results showed that compared with traditional tillage,conservation tillage significantly increased soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium.However,there was no significant difference in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield between the two tillage patterns.The spike number and grain number per spike of wheat in no tillage(NT) and shallow tillage(ST) treatments were more than those in rotary tillage(RT) and deep tillage(DT) treatments,while there was no significant difference in 1000-grains weight and grain yield of wheat among the four tillage patterns.In treatments of NT and ST,soil water content,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,were enhanced,especially for soil microbial biomass C and N.Therefore,in Henan province NT and ST is the better conservation tillage pattern for wheat production and soil continuous use. |
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| Keywords: | conservation tillage grain yield of wheat soil organic matter alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen available phosphorus exchangeable potassium microbial biomass C and N |
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