| 番茄叶面喷施硅和钙对果实硬度及相关生理代谢的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 苏敬,乜兰春,齐迎斌,王苗苗.番茄叶面喷施硅和钙对果实硬度及相关生理代谢的影响[J].园艺学报,2016,43(4):789-795. |
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| 作者姓名： | 苏敬 乜兰春 齐迎斌 王苗苗 |
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| 作者单位： | （河北农业大学园艺学院，河北保定 071000） |
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| 基金项目： | 河北省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜创新团队项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 以番茄品种‘红双喜’为试材,研究了生长期叶面喷施硅、钙对果实硬度、细胞壁组成物质以及细胞壁代谢相关酶活性的影响。结果表明:叶面喷施7 mmol·L~(-1) H_4SiO_4、7 mmol·L~(-1) K_2SiO_3、7mmol·L~(-1) H_4SiO_4+45 mmol·L~(-1) CaCl_2和7 mmol·L~(-1) K_2SiO_3+45 mmol·L~(-1) CaCl_2均显著提高了番茄采收当天和采后7 d的果实硬度,4个处理的果实在采收当天和采后7 d原果胶和纤维素含量显著高于对照,可溶性果胶含量以及多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(polygalacturonase,PG)活性、果胶甲酯酶(pectin methylesterase,PME)活性、纤维素酶(cellulose enzyme,Cx)活性显著低于对照。在各处理中,以7 mmol·L~(-1) H_4SiO_4和7 mmol·L~(-1) K_2SiO_3处理的效果最好,采后7 d,果实硬度分别比对照高14.31%和13.84%,原果胶含量分别比对照高75.00%和68.10%,纤维素含量分别比对照高68.66%和80.60%,可溶性果胶含量分别比对照低28.41%和29.55%,PG酶活性分别比对照低18.70%和20.87%,PME酶活性分别比对照低13.61%和17.66%,Cx酶活性分别比对照低31.42%和31.38%。
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| 关 键 词： | 番茄 硅 钙 果实硬度 细胞壁组成物质 细胞壁代谢相关酶 |
Effect of Foliar Application of Silicon and Calcium on the Firmness and Related Physiological Metabolism of Tomato Fruits |
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| SU Jing,NIE Lan-chun,QI Ying-bin,WANG Miao-miao.Effect of Foliar Application of Silicon and Calcium on the Firmness and Related Physiological Metabolism of Tomato Fruits[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2016,43(4):789-795. |
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| Authors: | SU Jing NIE Lan-chun QI Ying-bin WANG Miao-miao |
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| Institution: | （College of Horticulture，Agricultural University of Hebei，Baoding，Hebei 071000，China） |
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| Abstract: | The effects of foliar application of calcium and silicon on Solanum lycopersicum ‘Hongshuangxi’fruits firmness，cell wall components and activities of cell wall-degrading enzymes were studied. The results showed that foliar application of 7 mmol · L-1 H4SiO4，7 mmol · L-1 K2SiO3，7 mmol · L-1 H4SiO4 + 45 mmol · L-1 CaCl2 and 7 mmol · L-1 K2SiO3 + 45 mmol · L-1 CaCl2 significantly increased the fruit firmness at the time of harvest and 7 days after harvest. The contents of protopectin and cellulose were higher，while the content of soluble pectin was lower，and the activities of polygalacturonase（PG），pectin methylesterase（PME） and cellulose enzyme（Cx）reduced in the fruits of these four treatments. Among the treatments，foliar application of 7 mmol · L-1 H4SiO4 and 7 mmol · L-1 K2SiO3 showed the most significant effect. Compared to the control，in the fruits of these two treatments at 7 days after harvest，the firmness increased by 14.31% and 13.84%；protopectin increased by 75.00% and 68.10%；cellulose increased by 68.66% and 80.60%；soluble pectin decreased by 28.41% and 29.55%；polygalacturonase（PG）activity decreased by 18.70% and 20.87%；pectin methylesterase（PME）activity decreased by 13.61% and 17.66%；and cellulose enzyme（Cx）activity decreased by 31.42% and 31.38%，respectively. |
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| Keywords: | tomato silicon calcium fruits firmness cell wall component cell wall-degrading enzyme |
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