| 不同朝代及现代绢丝织物中蚕丝的形貌分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 彭婕,吴子婴,周旸,龙博.不同朝代及现代绢丝织物中蚕丝的形貌分析[J].蚕业科学,2011,37(4):695-699. |
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| 作者姓名： | 彭婕 吴子婴 周旸 龙博 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江理工大学材料与纺织学院,杭州,310018;中国丝绸博物馆,杭州,310002 |
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| 摘 要： | 采用光学显微镜对不同朝代及现代绢类织物的表面和纤维截面形貌进行观察,并利用像素法对蚕丝纤维截面积进行测试与分析,探讨蚕丝纤维截面积变化的原因。不同朝代及现代的9批绢类织物样品表面的完整度、光洁度、污染度以及老化程度不同,可能与样品来源墓地的环境有关;不同样品蚕丝纤维截面形状有的较扁平,有的较饱满,还有一些呈碎块或空壳状,反映出蚕丝纤维老化程度不同,可能与当时的养蚕技术水平相关;不同朝代样品间、同一朝代样品间的经纬纱线粗细及经纬纱线排列密度有差别,可能与绢类织物的种类及丝织技术水平有关。9批绢类织物样品的蚕丝纤维截面积存在差异,且大多数样品的蚕丝纤维截面积方差数值较大,其中:东周到清代绢类织物样品的蚕丝纤维截面积从38.57μm2增加至75.80μm2,可能与根据织物最终用途而选用的蚕丝原料以及家蚕长期驯养后茧丝的变化有关;现代绢类织物样品的蚕丝纤维截面积在115μm2左右,明显大于古代绢类织物样品的蚕丝纤维截面积,这种变化可能与长期的蚕品种遗传改良以及饲养技术和缫丝工艺的改进有关。
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| 关 键 词： | 文物 绢类织物 家蚕丝 截面积 形貌 |
Morphology Analysis on the Silk from Spun Silk Fabrics of Various Dynasties and Modern Time |
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| PENG Jie,WU Zi-Ying,ZHOU Yang,LONG Bo.Morphology Analysis on the Silk from Spun Silk Fabrics of Various Dynasties and Modern Time[J].Acta Sericologica Sinica,2011,37(4):695-699. |
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| Authors: | PENG Jie WU Zi-Ying ZHOU Yang LONG Bo |
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| Institution: | 1(1School of Materials and Textiles,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;2China National Silk Museum,Hangzhou 310002,China) |
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| Abstract: | By means of optical microscopy,we observed the surface and fiber cross-section morphology of the silk fabrics which are from different dynasties and modern time,determined and analyzed cross-section area of the silk fiber by pixel method,and discussed reasons causing changes of cross-section area of the silk fiber.The obtained results indicated that the 9 batches of silk fabric samples from different dynasties and modern time have different integrity,smoothness,pollution degree and aging degree,which is probably related to the environment of various cemeteries where the samples were originated.Among the different silk samples,some have relatively flat cross-sections and others have relatively filled cross-sections while the rest have fragmented or hollow structure,reflecting different aging degrees of the silk fibers.That might be due to the difference of silkworm rearing technology at different times.Different silk fabric samples from different dynasties and from the same dynasty have different fineness and array density of warp and weft,which is probably due to different designs of the spun silk fabrics and different technological levels of silk weaving.The cross-section areas of silk fibers from 9 batches of silk fabric samples are different,and the variances of cross-section area of most samples are quite high.From the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty,cross-section area of silk fibers in the spun silk fabrics increased from 38.57 μm2 to 75.80 μm2,which is probably due to the selection of silk materials for various end-users and the change of silk fibers after long-term domestication of silkworm.The cross-section area of silk fiber from modern silk fabric sample is about 115 μm2,which is obviously higher than those of ancient silk fabric samples.This difference is probably due to the long-term genetic improvement of silkworm varieties and technological improvement in silkworm rearing and silk reeling. |
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| Keywords: | Cultural relic Spun silk fabric Domestic silkworm silk Cross-section area Morphology |
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