Wheat germ plasm resources are very important for breeding program. Genetic diversity study on wheat is beneficial to the collection, management and utilization of wheat genetic resources, and the establishment of core collection. In order to make efficient use of wheat germplasm resources and reduce blindness in combination selection of crosses, this study selected 73 cultivars in China to investigate the traits plant height, the grain number per spike, 1000-grain weight, the number of productive ear and grain yield, and all accessions were made clustering analysis based on these agricultural traits. The results showed that: the coefficient of variation among traits size under rain-fed cultivation: yield > spikes > grains per spike > 1000-grain weight > plant height; Yield components and yield related degree: spikes> grains per spike > 1000-grain weight. The cultivars could be divided into six groups. The character and application in breeding of per group were appreciated. Comprehensive trait of 18th FAWWON-IR-023 and 18th FAWWON-IR-111 and 18th FAWWON-IR-027 and 18th FAWWON-IR-169 are good in fourth group, its may be provide fine gene for breeding wheat variety with resistance drought and high quality and high yield.