| 退化草牧场防护林土壤腐殖质碳组分特征及酶活性 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈立新,李刚,李少博,宋志韬,段文标.退化草牧场防护林土壤腐殖质碳组分特征及酶活性[J].林业科学研究,2017,30(3):494-502. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈立新 李刚 李少博 宋志韬 段文标 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北林业大学, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040;东北林业大学, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040;内蒙古林业科学研究院生态功能与森林碳汇研究所, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010;东北林业大学, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040;黑龙江省有色金属地质勘查研究总院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150046东北林业大学, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040;东北林业大学, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150040 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家林业局科技成果推广项目（2012-45）和科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目（2011GB23600010） |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]探讨不同防护林结构的配置、不同林龄草牧场防护林对土壤腐殖质碳组分特征和酶活性的影响及其两者的关系,寻找最佳草牧场防护林结构的配置方式。方法]采用对比分析的方法,对草牧场防护林和无林草牧场(对照)土壤腐殖质碳组分特征和土壤酶活性进行了研究。结果]林龄为15年距林带0 m处,网格状草牧场防护林的胡敏酸和富里酸总碳量、胡敏酸碳组分、富里酸碳组分和胡敏素的含量以及过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶的活性等测定指标均分别比对照显著提高70.26%、120.97%、73.76%、139.84%、51.80%、85.00%、42.17%、94.65%、53.77%、49.81%;与带状、疏林状草牧场防护林相比,网格状草牧场防护林除土壤有机质、富里酸碳组分、胡敏素、蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、磷酸酶的差异不显著外,以上10个测定指标中的其余指标差异均显著。对于网格状草牧场防护林,土壤富里酸碳组分、胡敏素、多酚氧化酶、脲酶等测定指标在林龄为1~5年时随其增大而增加,5~15年缓慢降低,15年后下降速度增大;距离林带50 m处土壤有机质含量、胡敏素、多酚氧化酶活性高于距离防护林0 m和100 m,且100 m处较0 m处低,其它测定指标基本上随距离林带距离的增加而减小。距离防护林带100 m处时,部分指标与对照差异不显著,土壤改良效益基本消失。胡敏酸和富里酸总碳量与过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶、磷酸酶呈极显著正相关,胡敏酸与蛋白酶呈极显著正相关;富里酸与过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶呈极显著正相关;胡敏素与蔗糖酶呈显著负相关。结论]林龄为5年的网格状防护林土壤富里酸碳组分、胡敏素、多酚氧化酶和脲酶活性等最佳;对防护林及其多数土壤腐殖质碳组分和酶活性升高的分析表明,网格状防护林的带间距应小于200 m。
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| 关 键 词： | 退化草牧场防护林 配置类型 土壤腐殖质碳组分 土壤酶活性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/11/23 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/1/16 0:00:00 |
Characteristics of Carbon Components in Soil Humus and Enzyme Activities in Degraded Pastureland Shelterbelts |
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| CHEN Li-xin,LI Gang,LI Shao-bo,SONG Zhi-tao and DUAN Wen-biao.Characteristics of Carbon Components in Soil Humus and Enzyme Activities in Degraded Pastureland Shelterbelts[J].Forest Research,2017,30(3):494-502. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Li-xin LI Gang LI Shao-bo SONG Zhi-tao and DUAN Wen-biao |
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| Institution: | School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China;School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China;Research Institute of Ecological Function and Forest Carbon Sink, Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry, Hohhot 010010, Inner Mongolia, China;School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China;Non-ferrous Metals Geological Exploration Research Institute in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150046, Heilongjiang, ChinaSchool of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China;School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective] This study aims at discussing the effect of the pastureland shelterbelts with different structural configurations and different stand ages on the characteristics of carbon components in soil humus and enzyme activities, and the relationship between them. Method] Comparative analysis is used to research the characteristics of soil humus carbon fraction and soil enzyme activity of the degenerated pastureland shelterbelt and the pastureland without forest (control) for different stand age and configuration types (grid-shaped, belt-shaped, and sparse-shaped types). Result] In the soil at a distance of 0 m from 15-year-old grid-shaped pastureland shelterbelt, the soil organic matter (SOM), total contents of humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), HA carbon fraction, FA carbon fraction, humin, the activity of catalase, polyhenol oxidase, urease, protease and phosphatase, were 70.26%, 120.97%, 73.76%, 139.84%, 51.80%, 85.00%, 42.17%, 94.65%, 53.77%, 49.81% higher compared with the control; as comparison with belt-shaped, sparse-shaped pastureland shelterbelt, non-significant difference was observed in SOM, FA carbon fraction, humin, saccharase, protease, and phosphatase, but significant difference was found in the other indicators measured. As for the grid-shaped pastureland shelterbelt, the FA carbon fraction, humin, polyhenol oxidase, urease in the soil increased with the stand age in the 1st to 5th year, then slowly decreased in the age of 5~15, and sharply declined afterward. The SOM, humin, and polyhenol oxidase activity at a distance of 50 m from grid-shaped pastureland shelterbelt were higher than those at a distance of 0 m and 100 m, moreover, lower at a distance of 100 m than those at a distance of 0 m. The other indicators mainly decreased over the increasing distance from grid-shaped pastureland shelterbelt. There was no significant difference for partial indicators as comparison with the control, its soil melioration benefit nearly disappeared. Total carbon contents of HA and FA were significantly positively correlated with the catalase, polyhenol oxidase, urease, and phosphatase. There was a highly significant positive correlation between HA and protease. HA was highly positively correlated with the catalase, saccharase, urease, and phosphatase. There was significantly negative correlation between humin and saccharase. Conclusion] There is a definite correlation between total carbon content of HA and FA, HA, FA, humin, respectively. The FA carbon fraction, humin, polyhenol oxidase and urease activities in the soil are the best when the stand age of the grid-shaped pastureland shelterbelt is 5. The analysis on the most soil humus carbon components and soil enzyme activities improved by the shelterbelt suggests that the distance between the shelterbelts of the grid-shaped pastureland shelterbelts should be less than 200 m. Therefore, it is suggested that less than 200 m distance between shelterbelts should be used as main configuration type of pastureland shelterbelts when they are established in the future. |
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| Keywords: | degraded pastureland shelterbelt configuration types soil humus carbon component soil enzyme activity |
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