| 黄河上游沉积物中磷的存在形态及生物可利用性 |
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| 引用本文： | 李北罡,刘培怡.黄河上游沉积物中磷的存在形态及生物可利用性[J].农业环境保护,2012(1):185-191. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李北罡 刘培怡 |
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| 作者单位： | 内蒙古师范大学化学与环境科学学院,呼和浩特010022 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（20467002）; 内蒙古自然科学基金项目（200711020214）; 内蒙古师范大学科研基金项目（ZRYB08019） |
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| 摘 要： | 采用七步连续提取法分别对黄河上游11个不同段位表层沉积物样中7种形态磷进行了分离分析,探讨了其变化规律和分布特征,分析了其生物可利用性及对黄河及海洋水体营养状况的影响。结果表明：所获得沉积物中磷的7种赋存形态为：交换态磷（Ex-P）、铝结合态磷（Al-P）、铁结合态磷（Fe-P）、闭蓄态磷（Obs-P）、自生钙结合磷（Ca-P）、原生碎屑磷（De-P）和有机磷（OP）,其中De-P和Ca-P的含量范围分别为139.08～482.89mg.kg-1和40.30～125.55mg.kg-1,二者共占总磷（TP,为各形态磷的总和）含量的约87%,是沉积磷和无机磷（IP,前6种磷形态之和）的主要存在形态;OP含量范围为6.14～36.74mg.kg-1,平均占TP的4%;Ex-P、Al-P、Fe-P和Obs-P含量均较低,平均值分别为7.53、25.85、5.05mg.kg-1和0.64mg.kg-1,共占TP含量的约9%。各形态磷的含量分布直接与取样点及沉积物粒径有关。Ex-P、Al-P、Fe-P、Or-P和部分Ca-P作为黄河表层沉积物中潜在的生物可利用磷（BP）,其总量至少占TP的5.91%～30.17%。根据黄河每年进入渤海的输沙量可初步估算出黄河泥沙入海后为海洋提供的BP的量达3.21～8.92万t。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄河 沉积物 磷形态 生物可利用磷 |
Forms and Bioavailability of Phosphorus in Surface Sediments from the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River |
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| LI Bei-gang,LIU Pei-yi.Forms and Bioavailability of Phosphorus in Surface Sediments from the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River[J].Agro-Environmental Protection,2012(1):185-191. |
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| Authors: | LI Bei-gang LIU Pei-yi |
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| Institution: | (College of Chemistry ＆ Environment Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China) |
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| Abstract: | Form distribution and bioavailability of phosphorus（P） in natural waters are affecting the primary productivity and nourishment equilibrium of the waters directly.Seven forms of P were separated and analyzed by using the seven-step sequential extraction method in different sediments from the upper reaches of the Yellow River.Distribution characteristics and bioavailability of P forms in sediments and impact on the trophic status of the natural water column were discussed.The results indicated that seven forms of P in sediments were exchangeable＋loosely-bound P（Ex-P）,aluminum-bound P（Al-P）,iron-bound P（Fe-P）,obstinate-bound P（Obs-P）,authigenic ＋ biogenic apatite ＋calcium carbonate-bound P（Ca-P）,detrital apatite ＋ other remaining inorganic P（De-P） and organic P（OP）.In all samples with different particle sizes,contents of De-P and Ca-P ranged from 139.08 mg·kg-1 to 482.89 mg·kg-1 and from 40.30 mg·kg-1 to 125.55 mg·kg-1,respectively,both of them occupied about 87% of TP（the sum of all seven form P）,which were the major components of sediment P and inorganic P（IP）;content ranges of OP were 6.14~36.74 mg·kg-1 and the mean was 4% of TP;Contents of Ex-P,Fe-P,Al-P were all lower and that of Obs-P was the lowest,their mean were 7.53,25.85,5.05 mg·kg-1 and 0.64 mg·kg-1,respectively,and 9% of TP。The content distribution of various form P in studied sediments correlated with the grain size and the sampling sites directly.Ex-P,Al-P,Fe-P、OP and part of Ca-P,acting as the bioavailable P（BP）,accounted for 5.91%~30.17% of TP at least.Based on the quantity of paticulates transported from the Yellow River to the Bohai Sea and the above results,the amount of potential BP was estimated approximately 32.1~89.2 thousand ton. |
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| Keywords: | The Yellow River sediments phosphorus forms bioavailable phosphorus |
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