| 16个树种盐胁迫下的生长表现和生理特性 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨升,张华新,刘涛.16个树种盐胁迫下的生长表现和生理特性[J].浙江林学院学报,2012(5):744-754. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨升 张华新 刘涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培养重点实验室,北京100091 |
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| 基金项目： | “十一五”国家科技支撑计划专题项目（2009BADB280103） |
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| 摘 要： | 采用盆栽控盐方法，以16个树种幼苗为材料，用不同浓度（0，100，200，300，400，500mmol·L-1）氯化钠（NaCl）溶液进行浇灌处理，对盐胁迫下各树种的生长表现和生理特性进行了研究。结果表明：①柽柳Tamarixchi—nensis，唐古特白刺Nitrariatangutorum和西伯利亚白刺NitrariaSibirica耐盐能力较强，卫矛EUOnTmusalatus．沙柳Solixpsammophila，水蜡Ligustrumobtusifolium，沙枣Elaeagnusangustifolia，药鼠李Rhamnus cathartica，糖朴Celtislaevigata和美国皂荚Gleditsia triacanthos具有中高度耐盐能力，而杜梨Pyr邯betuf船加Z施，竹柳Solixmaizhokung-gatensis．鞑靼忍冬Loniceratatarica．醉鱼草Buddleialindleyana，风箱树Cephalanthusoccidentalis和美国白蜡Fraxi—nUS（111~ricanⅡ相对较差，具有中度耐盐能力。②随盐浓度的增加，各树种的相对株高生长量和生物量下降，丙二醛（MDA），脯氨酸和可溶性糖增加，叶绿素和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性树种间差异较大．柽柳、唐古特白刺和西伯利亚白刺的各生理指标与其他13个树种存在明显差异。③盐处理后．不同部位（根、茎和叶）钠离子（Na＋）和氯离子（Cr）明显增加，而且2种离子的变化规律基本一致，从Na＊和Cl在不同部位的分布情况差异可以初步判断除柽柳、唐古特白刺和西伯利亚白刺外，其他13个树种为拒盐型植物。在不同含盐量的土壤中，选择不同树种，做到适地适树．提高生物多样性，并且在研究植物耐盐特性时，需要根据植物耐盐类型加以区别对待。图9表2参31
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| 关 键 词： | 树木生理学 盐胁迫 生长表现 生理特性 耐盐能力 |
Morphological changes and physiological characteristics of seedlings from 16 tree species with salt stress |
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| YANG Sheng,ZHANG Hua-xin,LIU Tao.Morphological changes and physiological characteristics of seedlings from 16 tree species with salt stress[J].Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College,2012(5):744-754. |
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| Authors: | YANG Sheng ZHANG Hua-xin LIU Tao |
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| Institution: | (Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China) |
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| Abstract: | In order to study morphological changes and physiological characteristics under salt stress, seedlings of 16 tree species were cultivated in pots treated with sodium chloride （NaC1） solutions of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mmol·L-1 and three replications. Results showed that （1） salt tolerance of Tamar- ix chinensis, Nitraria tangutorum, and Nitraria sibirica was high; of Euonymus alatus, Salix psammophila, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Rhamnus cathartica, Celtis laevigata, and Gleditsia triacan- thos was medium-high ; and of Pyrus betulifolia, Salix maizhokunggarensis, Lonicera tatarica, Buddleja lind- leyana, Cephalanthus occidentalis, and Fraxinus americana was medium. （2） With an increase in salinity, rel- ative height growth and biomass significant decreased; however, the malondialdehyde （MDA）, proline, and soluble sugar content marked increased for all species. Also, chlorophyll content and superoxide dismutase （SOD activity varied greatly among tree species. In addition, for all physiological indexes, Tamarix chinensis, Nitraria tangutorum, and Nitraria sibirica revealed marked differences from other species. （3） After applying salt treatments, Na＊and C1- ions in roots, stems, and leaves greatly increased with both ions having a con-sistent increased. Differences in the Na＊ and C1- content in roots, stems, and leaves showed that except for Tam,ix chinensis, Nitraria tangutorum, and Nitraria sibirica, the 13 other tree species were halophytes that excluded salt. These results suggested that different tree species should be selected for the salt content of the soil, so that trees could be grown in suitable soils to increase biodiversity in saline soil. It is necessary to con- sider salt-tolerance type of plant in the study of plant salt tolerance characteristics. Ch, 9 fig. 2 tab. 31 ref. ] |
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| Keywords: | tree physiology salt stress morphological changes physiological characteristics salt tolerance |
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