| 钾肥施用对菜用大豆和普通大豆开花后氮素积累的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 田博文,李彦生,杨越,李蕊,涂冰洁,刘长锴,张秋英,刘晓冰.钾肥施用对菜用大豆和普通大豆开花后氮素积累的影响[J].大豆科学,2017,36(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 田博文 李彦生 杨越 李蕊 涂冰洁 刘长锴 张秋英 刘晓冰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 东北农业大学资源与环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030;中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所/黑土区农业生态重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081;2. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所/黑土区农业生态重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨,150081;3. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所/黑土区农业生态重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081;中国科学院大学,北京100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金，国家重点研发计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 钾素营养充足,可以提高作物抗逆能力和产量。随着氮、磷肥在生产中施用的增加,钾肥已逐渐成为作物产量的最大限制因子。大豆开花后籽粒形成期是大豆氮素积累、产量提高的重要时期,文章对钾肥施用后菜用大豆和普通大豆两者开花后氮素的积累进行了比较研究。在正常氮磷种肥用量基础上,设置3种施钾处理:不施钾(K0)、种肥施钾120 kg·hm~(-2)(K1)、种肥施钾120 kg·hm~(-2)且在花、荚期喷施30 kg·hm~(-2)叶面钾肥(K2),探究菜用大豆、普通大豆开花后28~56 d内籽粒、叶片、茎中氮素积累动态。结果表明:施用钾肥增进两种类型大豆植株各部位中氮素积累。同时期内,两种类型大豆在各施肥处理下各部位的氮素积累量均为K2K1K0,大豆植株各部位中相对氮素累积量均为籽粒叶片茎。钾肥施用对提高菜用大豆籽粒氮素含量的效应高于普通大豆,与K0相比,K2处理下菜用大豆、普通大豆籽粒平均氮素含量分别增加了0.19%和0.1%。施用钾肥提高了菜用大豆叶片氮素转移效率,相比K0处理,K1、K2处理分别增加了6.1%、8.2%,而对普通大豆影响不大。钾肥施用显著增加普通大豆茎中氮素积累,但菜用大豆品种间差异较大。
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| 关 键 词： | 菜用大豆 钾肥施用 氮素积累 生殖生长期 |
Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Application on Nitrogen Accumulation after Flowering in Vegetable Soybean and Grain Soybean |
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| TIAN Bo-wen,LI Yan-sheng,YANG Yue,LI Rui,TU Bing-jie,LIU Chang-kai,ZHANG Qiu-ying,LIU Xiao-bing.Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Application on Nitrogen Accumulation after Flowering in Vegetable Soybean and Grain Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2017,36(2). |
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| Authors: | TIAN Bo-wen LI Yan-sheng YANG Yue LI Rui TU Bing-jie LIU Chang-kai ZHANG Qiu-ying LIU Xiao-bing |
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| Abstract: | Sufficient potassium nutrition can improve crop resilience and enhance crop yields.With the increase of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer application in crop production,potash fertilizer has been the limiting factor for the enhancement of crop yield.Seed formation after flowering is the main period of dry matter accumulation,as well as determination stage for soybean yield.However,the effect of potash fertilizer on the nitrogen accumulation after flowering to vegetable soybean and grain soybean was seldom reported.In this study,based on the rates of normal nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application,three potassium(K) fertilization treatments were imposed:No K application (K0),120 kg· ha-1K2 SO4 at seeding(K1),and 120 kg·ha-1 K2SO4 at seedling + 1％ K2SO4 foliar application at flowering(K2).The nitrogen accumulations in grain,leaf and stem of soybean from 28-56 days after flowering between vegetable soybean and grain soybean were investigated.The results showed that potassium application increased the nitrogen accumulation in both types of soybeans.The amount of nitrogen accumulation under different fertilization treatments was in the order of K2 ＞ K1 ＞ K0,and the amount of nitrogen accumulation in each part was in the order of seed ＞ leaf ＞ stem.The potassium application had more prominent effect on seed nitrogen accumulation in vegetable soybean than that of grain soybean.Compared with K0,the average nitrogen content in K2 treatment was 0.19％ and 0.1％ for vegetable soybean and grain soybean respectively.Compared with K0 treatment,K1 and K2 treatments increased the nitrogen translocation efficiency by 6.1％ and 8.2％ in vegetable soybean leaves,but had no effect on grain soybean leaves.Stem nitrogen accumulation in grain soybean was significantly increased by potassium application,while the responses varied between vegetable soybean cultivars. |
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| Keywords: | Vegetable soybean Potassium application Nitrogen accumulation Reproductive stage |
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