| 葡萄种质资源果形性状的分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张培安,樊秀彩,刘众杰,吴伟民,刘崇怀,房经贵.葡萄种质资源果形性状的分析[J].园艺学报,2018,45(8):1456-1466. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张培安 樊秀彩 刘众杰 吴伟民 刘崇怀 房经贵 |
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| 作者单位： | 1南京农业大学园艺学院，江苏省果树品种改良与苗木繁育工程中心，南京 210095；2中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所，郑州 450009；3江苏省农业科学院园艺研究所，南京 210014 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过分析葡萄种质的果形性状以及不同类型的果形特点，为认识葡萄种质资源果粒形状特点和育种亲本选择提供一定依据。选取820份葡萄种质材料（286份的性状来自田间实地调查，534份来自《中国葡萄志》和《中国葡萄品种》记载），对不同类型、种（species）和用途的葡萄果形特点、不同果形单果质量的分布、以及质量与其纵径和横径的相关性、不同年代选育不同果形的数量等进行分析。结果表明，倒卵圆形和长椭圆形的果粒较大，而圆形的果粒较小。欧亚种葡萄中长椭圆形和卵圆形的较多，欧美杂种葡萄中倒卵圆形的较多。鲜食葡萄较酿酒、制干和制汁葡萄果形更丰富且更狭长。黑色葡萄以圆形和近圆形为主，白色和红色葡萄中果形较为丰富。从育种进程来看，早期选育的葡萄果形以圆形为主，之后变为以圆形、近圆形和椭圆形为主，现代越来越多果形相继出现。圆形、卵圆形和倒卵圆形果粒的横、纵径与果粒质量拟合度较好。同一个葡萄品种果粒形状可能存在差异，其中椭圆形变化较为普遍。
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| 关 键 词： | 葡萄 种质资源 果粒形状 相关性 |
Investigation and Analysis on the Berry Shape of Grape Germplasm Resources |
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| ZHANG Peian,FAN Xiucai,LIU Zhongjie,WU Weiming,LIU Chonghuai,FANG Jinggui,.Investigation and Analysis on the Berry Shape of Grape Germplasm Resources[J].Acta Horticulturae Sinica,2018,45(8):1456-1466. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Peian FAN Xiucai LIU Zhongjie WU Weiming LIU Chonghuai FANG Jinggui |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Horticulture，Fruit Crop Improvement and Seeding Propagation Engineering Center of Jiangsu Province，Nanjing Agricultural University，Nanjing 210095，China；2Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Zhengzhou 450009，China；3Institute of Horticulture，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Nanjing 210014，China |
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| Abstract: | Analyzing the berry shapes of grape germplasms can provide a good basis for understanding the berry shape characteristics and breeding parent selection. In this study，820 grape germplasms were selected（286 through field surveys，534 from《Chinese grape》and《Chinese grape varieties》）. The type of different berry shapes and varieties of grape，the distribution of the fruit weight and its correlation with fruit diameter，the number of different berry shapes etc. were studied. The results showed that the particles of obovoid and narrow lipsoid fruits were larger，while the round grape fruits were smaller. The Vitis vinifera L. has more broad lipsoid and ovoid shapes，and there are more obovoid varieties of Vitis vinifera × V. labrusca. Table grapes are more elongated than wine，raisin and juice grapes. Black grapes are mainly round and nearly round，but white and red grapes have a rich berry shape. From the point of view of the breeding process，the berry shape of the grape is mainly round，and then became mainly round，nearly round and broad lipsoid，and more and more fruit forms appear one after another. Round，broad lipsoid and obovoid grape’s horizontal，longitudinal can fit well with fruit weights. There may be differences in the berry shape of the same grape variety，with broad lipsoid changes being prevalent. |
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| Keywords: | grape germplasm resources berry shape correlation |
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