| 主捕长鳍金枪鱼延绳钓钓具的最适浸泡时间 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋利明,李冬静,刘海阳,陈平,李杰.主捕长鳍金枪鱼延绳钓钓具的最适浸泡时间[J].上海海洋大学学报,2014,23(2):290-296. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋利明 李冬静 刘海阳 陈平 李杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海海洋大学海洋科学学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家高技术研究发展计划（863计划）;国家教育部博士点基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据2012年9月21日-11月15日库克群岛海域金枪鱼延绳钓海上调查数据,建立了钓钩深度计算模型,分两种起绳方式建立了作业中每一根支绳的浸泡时间计算模型。将钓钩深度以40 m为一层,共分为6个水层(40~80 m、80~120 m、120~160 m、160~200 m、200~240 m和240~280 m),统计每个水层和整个水体内的钓钩数量和长鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus alalunga)的渔获尾数。计算每个水层和整个水体内的钓具浸泡时间,并以1 h为间隔分别统计每个区间的支绳数量及渔获尾数,计算其渔获率。结果表明:(1)二次曲线可拟合浸泡时间与长鳍金枪鱼渔获率的关系,其渔获率随浸泡时间的增加呈现先增后减的趋势;(2)长鳍金枪鱼在40~280 m整个水体、6个水层中渔获率最高的浸泡时间为11.0~11.4 h。建议:(1)主捕长鳍金枪鱼时,尽可能把支绳的浸泡时间设定在10.0~12.0 h左右,以提高捕捞效率;(2)对于漂流延绳钓,整个水体的最佳浸泡时间可代表各个水层的最佳浸泡时间;(3)目标鱼种不同,钓具的最佳浸泡时间也不同;(4)浸泡时间可作为延绳钓钓具有效捕捞努力量。研究结果可用于提高长鳍金枪鱼捕捞效率,为渔业生产和CPUE的标准化提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 延绳钓 浸泡时间 长鳍金枪鱼 钓获率 库克群岛 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/9/29 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2013/11/10 0:00:00 |
Optimum soak time of pelagic longline gear targeting albacore tuna |
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| SONG Li-ming,LI Dong-jing,LIU Hai-yang,CHEN Ping and LI Jie.Optimum soak time of pelagic longline gear targeting albacore tuna[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2014,23(2):290-296. |
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| Authors: | SONG Li-ming LI Dong-jing LIU Hai-yang CHEN Ping and LI Jie |
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| Institution: | College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University,College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University |
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| Abstract: | On the basis of the longline survey targeting albacore tuna （ Thunnus alalunga） data collected from September 2012 to November 2012 in the waters near Cook Islands , the soak time calculation models of every branch line in each operation were developed by both models of hook retrieval and the hook depth prediction model of every branch line was also developed. The hook depth data were assigned to six layers of 40 m each （40 -80 m, 80 -120 m,120 -160 m,160-200 m,200 -240 m,240 -280 m）. The numbers of hooks and individual of fish in the whole water bin and each depth layer were estimated. The soak time of longline gear in the whole water bin and each depth layer were estimated. The soak time of longline gear were divided into one hour interval for the quantity of hooks and the individuals of albacore tuna, respectively. The respective catch rate of albacore tuna in each hour interval was calculated. The results showed that （ 1 ） the quadratic curves could be used to fit the relationship between soak time and the catch rate of albacore tuna, the catch rate of albacore tuna showed increasing at first and then decreasing trend with the increase of soak time; （2） the catch rate of albacore tuna was the highest when soak time was 11.0 - 11.4 h in the 40 - 280 m water body and six water layers. This study suggested that （ 1 ） the soak time of each hook lasted about 10.0 - 12.0 h in the longline operation targeting albacore tuna for improving the fishing efficiency; （2） for the pelagic longline, the optimum soak time of the whole water bin can be used to indicate the optimum soak time of various depth layers; （3） the optimum pelagic longline soak time varies with the target species; （4） the soak time of the ]ongline gear could be considered as the effective fishing effort. The results will be applied to improve the fishing efficiency and will be used for the references to the fishing strategy and CPUE standardization. |
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| Keywords: | longline soak time albacore tuna catch rate Cook Islands |
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