| 小麦成熟期产量及钾效率相关性状的全基因组关联分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐易如,赵艳艳,孙福来,郭营,赵岩,李斯深,孔凡美.小麦成熟期产量及钾效率相关性状的全基因组关联分析[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2020,26(6):1081-1090. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐易如 赵艳艳 孙福来 郭营 赵岩 李斯深 孔凡美 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.作物生物学国家重点实验室/土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室/山东农业大学，山东泰安 271018 |
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| 基金项目： | “ 十三五”国家重点研发计划“七大作物育种”重点专项（2017YFD0100600）；山东省现代农业产业技术体系。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】 探明不同钾供应条件下控制产量及钾效率相关性状的稳定的显著关联分子标记位点，为小麦产量及钾效率相关性状的遗传控制机理研究及相关基因的克隆提供参考。 【方法】 利用134个小麦品种 (系) 组成的群体为试验材料，设置正常供钾 (T1) 和不施钾 (T2) 两个处理，进行了2年田间试验 (E1、E2)。对小麦成熟期株高、穗长、穗粒数及钾吸收、利用效率等23个性状进行了表型鉴定，分别定义了同年同一处理和同一处理两年平均共6个环境平均值。采用GLM+Q一般线性模型和MLM+K+Q混合线性模型相结合的方法，利用群体差异SNP分子标记 (90K SNP芯片) 对小麦产量和钾效率相关性状进行全基因组关联分析。 【结果】 与正常钾处理相比，不施钾处理条件下籽粒钾利用效率显著升高，单株钾累积量、单株钾含量及总小穗数等性状显著降低。供试小麦各性状的群体变异系数为6.98%～350.38%，有14个性状的遗传力在50%以上，以株高的遗传力最高 (92.03%)。利用保留的7485个多态性好的群体差异 (SNP) 进行了全基因组关联分析，共检测到1420个分子标记位点与供试23个性状在P ≤ 0.001水平存在显著关联，分布在21条染色体上。有1097个 (77.25%) 分子标记位点仅在一个关联分析环境中被检测到；能在至少两个关联分析环境中被检测到的相对稳定分子标记位点有323个，其中113个位点与钾效率相关性状有关，Tdurum_contig26281_139、Kukri_c307_2053等分子标记位点可以提高钾吸收效率，Ex_c19038_571、BS00039148_51等分子标记位点能够提高钾利用效率。在至少4个关联分析环境中被检测到的位点有22个，分别与株高、千粒重、穗粒数等5个性状相关。与株高和千粒重显著关联的分子标记位点RFL_Contig4069_2628和BS00003632_51可同时在全部6个关联分析环境中检测到，平均贡献率为9.59%和13.66%，环境稳定性非常好，与株高的降低和千粒重的提高显著关联。 【结论】 不同钾供应水平下与产量及钾效率相关性状显著关联的分子标记位点存在显著差异，77.25%的分子标记位点仅在特定环境下被检测到。但也有22个显著关联分子标记位点 (涉及9个产量及钾效率相关性状) 在至少4个关联分析环境 (共6个环境) 下被检测到，形成高频表达分子标记位点。其中与株高和千粒重分别显著关联的两个分子标记位点在所有6个关联分析环境中均稳定被检测到，能显著降低株高和提高千粒重。这些分子标记位点的相关基因对相关性状的调控效应受钾处理环境影响小，具有较高的理论和应用价值，值得深入研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 小麦 关联分析 产量 钾效率 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-09-29 |
Genome-wide association analysis for yield and potassium efficiency related traits of wheat at maturity stage |
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| XU Yi-ru,ZHAO Yan-yan,SUN Fu-lai,GUO Ying,ZHAO Yan,LI Si-shen,KONG Fan-mei.Genome-wide association analysis for yield and potassium efficiency related traits of wheat at maturity stage[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2020,26(6):1081-1090. |
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| Authors: | XU Yi-ru ZHAO Yan-yan SUN Fu-lai GUO Ying ZHAO Yan LI Si-shen KONG Fan-mei |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’ an, Shandong 271018, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objectives】 Crops are found response genetically to potassium (K) nutrition, so the identification and localization of the molecular markers, that are stable and significantly correlated to traits of yield and K efficiency under different K nutrition levels, will provide reference for further genetic modification of related traits and genes cloning in breeding. 【Methods】 A group of 134 wheat varieties (or lines) were used in a two-years field experiment, in which applying K (T1) and not applying K (T2) were setup. The yield and K efficiency related traits of wheat were measured, and the average data of traits were calculated under 6 defined environments, as the respective average values of each treatment in one year and two years. Genome-wide association analysis was carried out for the tested traits using SNP molecular markers. 【Results】 Compared with K application treatment, the K use efficiencies were significantly higher, while the K contents and accumulation of individual plant and the total spikelet number were significantly lower under no K application treatment. The coefficients of variation of the traits were 6.98%–350.38% among the group of cultivars (lines), and 14 of traits had heritability of > 50%, with the highest trait of plant height (92.03%). According to genome-wide association analysis on the 7485 SNPs with satisfactory diversity, a total of 1420 molecular marker sites were identified associating with 23 traits significantly (P ≤ 0.001), and located in 21 chromosomes. There were 1097 (77.25%) molecular marker sites detected in only one environment, and 323 molecular marker sites that could be stably identified in at least 2 environments, and 113 of them were related to K efficiency, e.g. the molecular marker sites Tdurum_contig26281_139 and Kukri_c307_2053 could upregulate the absorption of K, Ex_c19038_571 and BS00039148_51 could increase K use efficiency. There were 22 molecular marker sites that could be identified in at least 4 environments, which were related to 5 traits such as plant height, 1000-grain weight (1000-GW) and grain number per spike. Among the 22 molecular marker sites, RFL_Contig 4069_2628 and BS00003632_51 were related to plant height and 1000-GW, and were extremely stable and could be detected in all the 6 environments. The expression of genes in the two molecular marker sites significantly affected the variation of plant height and 1000-GW, with average contribution rate of 9.59% and 13.66%. 【Conclusions】 Under different K nutrition levels, the molecular markers that are closely correlated to the yield and K efficiency traits, are detected in different sites. About 77.25% of the molecular marker sites are detected only in specific environments. However, 22 significantly correlated molecular marker sites (involving 9 traits related to yield and K efficiency) can be detected in at least 4 environments (6 environments in total), forming high-frequency expression molecular marker sites. Among them, two molecular marker sites are stably correlated with plant height and 1000-GW in all environments. The regulation effects of related genes on related traits of these molecular marker sites are less affected by K treatments, which has high theoretical and applied value and is worthy of in-depth study. |
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