| 国内外骨干玉米自交系耐低温萌发能力综合评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩登旭,杨杰,王业建,郗浩江,梁晓玲,李铭东,阿布来提·阿布拉.国内外骨干玉米自交系耐低温萌发能力综合评价[J].新疆农业科学,2021,58(3):401-411. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩登旭 杨杰 王业建 郗浩江 梁晓玲 李铭东 阿布来提·阿布拉 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划“玉米种子活力及其保持技术研究与应用”(2018YFD0100903);自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费“玉米耐低温萌发种质鉴定筛选及QTL群体构建”(ky2018019、ky2019008);新疆农业科学院青年科技基金“杂交玉米种子成熟度与种子活力的关系研究”(xjnkq-2014006);国家玉米产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02-57);国家自然科学基金“玉米开花期雄穗耐干枯QTL候选基因挖掘及耐旱材料创制”(31960430);新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项“西北干旱与半干旱区籽粒机收玉米种质创新关键技术研究与应用”(xjkcpy-2020002);自治区天山英才工程培养项目;自治区创新环境建设专项“新疆玉米特有种质资源共享平台”(PT2031) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】 选用来自美国、德国、前南斯拉夫、加拿大和中国的玉米种质,研究耐低温萌发能力,筛选耐低温萌发能力强的种质,为耐低温种质改良和新品种选育提供材料基础和技术支撑。【方法】 以74份玉米自交系为材料,运用田间直接鉴定法和室内鉴定法,调查测定标准发芽率(SGR)、冷浸发芽率(CIGR)、田间常温出苗势(NFEP)、田间常温出苗率(NFER)、田间低温出苗势(LFEP)、田间低温出苗率(LFER)、田间常温发芽指数(NFGI)、田间常温活力指数(NFVI)、田间低温发芽指数(LFGI)和田间低温活力指数(LFVI)等10个指标,运用隶属函数法和多元统计方法分析对玉米种子耐低温萌发能力,并综合评价。【结果】 参试玉米自交系耐低温萌发能力存在丰富的遗传变异,10个鉴定指标的遗传变异系数在10.10%~145.47%,累计贡献率为73.554%,回归建立了玉米自交系种子耐低温萌发能力综合评价数学模型Y耐低温=0.162+0.250XNFGI+0.246XLFGI,预测结果与隶属函数值(L)法的评价结果基本一致。最后基于耐低温萌发能力综合评价值,将74份自交系分为5个等级,筛选出耐低温萌发能力极强自交系1份,耐低温萌发能力较强的自交系12份,耐低温萌发能力中等的自交系45份,耐低温萌发能力较弱的自交系13份,耐低温萌发能力极弱的自交系3份。【结论】 筛选出的耐低温萌发能力极弱自交系Shen137、D3M、JSH2402和耐低温萌发能力极强的自交系Xinzi3113,将应用于耐低温QTL定位,种质创新及新品种选育研究中。常温田间发芽指数和低温田间发芽指数可作为评价自交系耐低温能力的主要指标。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 自交系 耐低温 指标 综合评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-15 |
Comprehensive Evaluation of Low Temperature Germination Resistance of Backbone Maize Inbred Lines at Home and Abroad |
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| HAN Dengxu,YANG Jie,WANG Yejian,XI Haojiang,LIANG Xiaoling,LI Mingdong,Abulaiti Abula.Comprehensive Evaluation of Low Temperature Germination Resistance of Backbone Maize Inbred Lines at Home and Abroad[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2021,58(3):401-411. |
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| Authors: | HAN Dengxu YANG Jie WANG Yejian XI Haojiang LIANG Xiaoling LI Mingdong Abulaiti Abula |
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| Institution: | Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 In recent years, extreme weather such as low temperature chilling injury occurred frequently during the sowing and emergence of maize in the northern spring maize region, resulting in slow emergence and poor uniformity of seeds, which ultimately affected the quality and yield of maize. In this study, maize germplasm from the United States, Germany, former Yugoslavia, Canada and China were selected for the identification of low temperature germination resistance, and the germplasm with strong low temperature germination resistance was selected to provide material basis and technical support for the improvement of low temperature resistant germplasm and the breeding of new varieties.【Methods】 74 maize inbred lines were taken as materials, the field survey direct method and indoor assay method were applied, through the investigation, to determine the 10 indexes such as the standard germination rate (SGR), cold immerse germination rate (CIGR), normal field emergence potential (NFEP), normal field emergence rate (NFER), low field emergence potential (LFEP), low field emergence rate (LFER), normal Field germination index (NFGI), normal field vigor index (NFVI), low field germination index (LFGI) and low field vigor index (LFVI). The ability of maize seeds to germinate under low temperature was evaluated by the method of membership function and multivariate statistical analysis. And also, the ability of maize seeds to resist low temperature germination was evaluated by using membership function and multivariate statistical analysis.【Results】 There were abundant genetic variations in the low temperature germination tolerance of maize inbred lines tested.10 appraisal index of genetic variation coefficient were between 10.10%-145.47%, and the cumulative contribution rate was 73.554%, maize inbred lines was established by stepwise regression seed germination ability at low temperature resistance comprehensive evaluation mathematics model of low temperature resistant YLTR=0.162+0.250XNFGI+0.246XLFGI.The predicted results with the method of subordinate function value (L) the evaluation results are basically identical.Finally, 74 inbred lines were divided into 5 grades based on the comprehensive evaluation value of low-temperature germination tolerance: one inbred line with very strong low-temperature germination tolerance, 12 inbred lines with rather strong low-temperature germination resistance, 45 inbred lines with moderate low-temperature germination resistance,13 inbred lines with weak low-temperature germination resistance and 3 inbred lines with extremely weak low-temperature germination resistance.【Conclusion】 The selected inbred lines Shen137, D3M and JSH2402 with very weak germination resistance at low temperature and Xinzi3113 with strong germination resistance at low temperature will be applied in the research of low-temperature QTL mapping, germplasm innovation and new variety selection.Field germination index at room temperature and field germination index at low temperature can be used as main indexes to evaluate the low temperature tolerance of inbred lines. |
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| Keywords: | maize inbred low temperature resistance index comprehensive evaluation |
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