| 氮肥对黄土高原大棚黄瓜及土壤硝酸盐累积的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 郝月姣,张 海,邱 梅.氮肥对黄土高原大棚黄瓜及土壤硝酸盐累积的影响[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(3):135-139. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郝月姣 张 海 邱 梅 |
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| 作者单位： | (西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院， 陕西杨凌 712100) |
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| 基金项目： | 陕西省科技攻关项目(2010K01 12；2008K02 07）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过黄土高原大棚黄瓜不同施肥水平及采收期试验，研究氮肥施用量对黄瓜产量、品质以及土壤硝酸盐积累的影响。结果表明：在低氮素水平下，增施氮肥可以提高黄瓜产量，且硝酸盐含量变化不大。但当施氮素超过138 kg/hm时，会使黄瓜产量下降，同时导致黄瓜及土壤中硝态氮含量迅速增高，使黄瓜硝酸盐含量达到高污染水平。施肥后随时间的推移，黄瓜中的硝酸盐含量会逐渐降低，在中等施肥条件下40 d后可达到安全食用水平；过量施肥会促使在50 cm左右土层中形成硝态氮累积量的峰值，随时间的推移，该峰值有逐渐向下移动的趋势，大约1年后在80~100 cm土层处富集。综合产量、安全品质及环境影响因素，黄土高原大棚黄瓜最佳氮肥施用量为115 kg/hm。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄土高原 大棚黄瓜 氮肥 硝酸盐积累 采收时间 |
Influence of Nitrogen Fertilization on Nitrate Accumulation in Greenhouse Cucumbers and Soil in the Loess Plateau |
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| HAO Yuejiao,ZHANG Hai and QIU Mei.Influence of Nitrogen Fertilization on Nitrate Accumulation in Greenhouse Cucumbers and Soil in the Loess Plateau[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica,2013,22(3):135-139. |
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| Authors: | HAO Yuejiao ZHANG Hai and QIU Mei |
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| Abstract: | The influence of nitrogen fertilization application rate and harvest time on the yield of cucumbers and nitrate accumulation in cucumber as well as in soil were studied under greenhouse condition in the loess plateau.Results show that cucumber yield increased with the increasing of nitrogen supply under lower nitrogen application level, but the nitrogen application of N 138 kg/hm for cucumbers fields leads to a significant decline in the yield and remarkable increase in nitrate accumulation in plant and soil, and seriously polluted the cucumbers. With the developing of plants, nitrate content in cucumbers gradually dropped to the edible level after 40 days from the moderate nitrogen application.Excessive fertilization accelerates the formation of nitrate nitrogen peaks accumulated in the 50 cm soil layer, the peaks gradually tend to move down over time lapse and after approximate one year they are enriched in 80-100 cm soil layer. Comprehensive consideration of the yield, food safety and environment problems the optimal application of nitrogen fertilizer for greenhouse cucumbers should be 115 kg/hm in the loess plateau. |
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| Keywords: | Loess plateau Greenhouse cucumbers Nitrogen fertilizer Nitrate accumulation Harvest time |
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