| 电动汽车用内置式永磁无刷直流电机设计研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘建林,冯垚径,高 磊,杨 凯.电动汽车用内置式永磁无刷直流电机设计研究[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2013,40(9):63-69. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘建林 冯垚径 高 磊 杨 凯 |
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| 作者单位： | (1. 湖南大学 电气与信息工程学院，湖南 长沙 410082； 2. 湖南机电职业技术学院，湖南 长沙 410151；3. 华中科技大学 电气与电子工程学院，湖北 武汉 430074) |
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| 摘 要： | 设计一台电动汽车用内置式永磁无刷直流电动机，分析气隙尺寸、永磁体厚度、定子绕组匝数等主要结构参数对电机效率、转矩电流比的影响，针对电动车辆复杂的工况对比分析不同负载率下电机的运行性能，完成优化样机研制及测试.研究结果表明：在机械加工能力允许的前提下，适当减小气隙长度可提高电机低速区性能；在兼顾成本的同时，适当增加永磁体用量可提升电机整体性能；适当减少绕组匝数可提高电机高速区性能，但会导致低速区的转矩电流比下降.电机在额定负载时整体效率最高，说明设计方案对额定点的选取合理；转矩电流比随负载率的增加而增大，分析认为这与输出转矩中的磁阻转矩分量有关，这是内置式永磁电机与表贴式永磁电机的一个重要区别，设计需要特别注意.样机测试结果表明：恒转矩区和恒功率区的转矩、功率都满足驱动系统要求.
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| 关 键 词： | 永磁无刷直流电机 转矩电流比 负载率 内置式 |
Design Research of Interior Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor for Electric Vehicles |
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| LIU Jian-lin,FENG Yao-jing,GAO Lei,YANG Kai.Design Research of Interior Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor for Electric Vehicles[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University,2013,40(9):63-69. |
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| Authors: | LIU Jian-lin FENG Yao-jing GAO Lei YANG Kai |
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| Abstract: | An interior permanent magnet (IPM) brushless DC motor (BLDCM) for electric vehicles was designed, and the influences of the air gap length, the permanent magnet thickness and the number of stator winding turns on system efficiency and the torque-current ratio were analyzed. Comparative analysis of the performances at different load rates was implemented to consider the complex operating conditions of electric vehicles. An optimized prototype was fabricated and tested. The research results have shown that the reduction of the length of the air gap can improve the motor performance at low speed area on the premise of strong mechanical processing capability, the increase of the amount of permanent magnet can improve the overall performance of the motor, and the reduction of the stator winding turns can improve the motor performance at high speed area but at the same time will cause a drop in the torque-current ratio. The overall efficiency at rated speed is higher, showing that the design of rated operating point is reasonable. The torque-current ratio increases with the increase of load rate, and this is related to the reluctance torque component in the output torque, which is an important distinction between interior and surface permanent magnet motors and is also a noticeable problem in design. The test results have shown that the optimized prototype can meet the need of the driving system both in constant torque region and in constant power region. |
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| Keywords: | permanent magnet brushless DC motor torque-current ratio load rate interior |
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