| 1981-2017年砚瓦川流域蒸发量变化特征研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 焦念.1981-2017年砚瓦川流域蒸发量变化特征研究[J].现代农业科技,2021,7(7). |
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| 作者姓名： | 焦念 |
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| 作者单位： | 黄河水土保持西峰治理监督局（黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学实验站） |
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| 基金项目： | 中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放研究基金项目“黄土高塬沟壑区典型流域径流输沙对降雨的变化响应”（IWHR-SKL-KF201808） |
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| 摘 要： | 利用砚瓦川流域1981-2017年蒸发量实测数据，运用数理统计、线性回归分析、Man-Kendall检验等方法分析研究砚瓦川流域多年蒸发量变化特征。结果表明，（1）砚瓦川流域37年蒸发量变化总体呈下降趋势，其平均减少速率为4.75mm，2006年是减少突变年。（2）砚瓦川流域37年年平均蒸发量为1182.23mm，80年代的年均蒸发量高于平均值。（3）砚瓦川流域春季蒸发量波动幅度最大，秋季次之，冬季蒸发量波动幅度最小，夏季蒸发量最大，约占全年蒸发量的42.36%。（4）砚瓦川流域月平均蒸发量最大的为6月，最小的为12月。（5）砚瓦川37年降雨量和蒸发量均在减小，但降雨量的减小速率略大于蒸发量的减小速率。
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| 关 键 词： | 砚瓦川流域 蒸发量 降雨量 变化特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/10/15 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/10/28 0:00:00 |
Study on Change Trend of Evaporation of Yanwachuan watershed from 1954 to 2017 |
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| Abstract: | Based on the measured data of evaporation in yanwachuan watershed from 1981 to 2017, the characteristics of evaporation in yanwachuan watershed over the years were analyzed and studied by mathematical statistics and linear regression analysis. The results show that: (1) the variation of evaporation in yanwachuan watershed in 37 years shows a general trend of decline, with an average reduction rate of 4.75mm.2006 was the year of mutation reduction. (2) the average annual evaporation in yanwachuan watershed was 1182.23mm in 37 years, and the average annual evaporation in the 1980s was higher than the average. (3) the fluctuation range of evaporation in yanwachuan watershed was the largest in spring, followed by autumn, the smallest in winter, and the largest in summer, accounting for about 42.36% of the annual evaporation. (4) the monthly mean evaporation in yanwachuan watershed was the largest in June and the smallest in December. (5) both the rainfall and evaporation in yanwachuan decreased in 37 years, but the decreasing rate of rainfall was slightly greater than that of evaporation. |
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| Keywords: | Yanwachuan watershed Evaporation Rainfall Variation characteristics |
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