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| 草地生态系统土壤酶活性研究进展 | |
| 引用本文： | 向泽宇,王长庭,宋文彪,四郎生根,呷绒仁青,达瓦泽仁,扎西罗布.草地生态系统土壤酶活性研究进展[J].草业科学,2011,28(10):1801-1806. |
| 作者姓名： | 向泽宇 王长庭 宋文彪 四郎生根 呷绒仁青 达瓦泽仁 扎西罗布 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院,四川成都,610041 2. 青海省湟源县农业技术推广中心,青海湟源,812100 3. 四川省道孚县农牧和科技局,四川道孚,626400 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重点项目(30730069);西南民族大学研究生创新型科研项目,西南民族大学高层次人才引进项目,西南民族大学研究生学位点建设项目(2011XWD-S071012) |
| 摘 要： | 土壤酶在土壤生态系统的物质循环和能量流动方面扮演着重要角色，研究土壤酶活性对于探讨草地生态系统结构、功能及其可持续发展有着重要的意义。土壤酶的研究历经20世纪50年代以前的奠定时期，20世纪50-80年代的迅速发展时期和20世纪80年代以后与其他学科相互渗透的时期。土壤酶主要来源于土壤微生物，分为六大类，即氧化还原酶、水解酶、转移酶、裂合酶、连接酶和异构酶。本研究总结了不同退化程度、施肥、放牧、土壤微生物、季节变化等因素对草地生态系统土壤酶活性的影响，结果表明，随着退化程度的加重，土壤酶活性呈降低趋势；施肥在一定程度上能增强土壤酶活性；轻度放牧会使土壤酶活性增加，重度放牧会使土壤酶活性降低；土壤微生物与土壤酶活性呈显著正相关关系；土壤酶活性随季节变化有一定的规律性波动。最后，本研究对青藏高原高寒草甸生态系统的退化、恢复和治理与土壤酶活性关系的研究发展前景进行了展望。 关键词：草地生态系统；土壤；酶活性 |
| 关 键 词： | 草地生态系统 土壤 酶活性 |
Advances on soil enzymatic activities in grassland ecosystem |
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| XIANG Ze yu,WANG Chang ting,SONG Wen biao,Silangshenggen,Garongrenqing,Dawa.Advances on soil enzymatic activities in grassland ecosystem[J].Pratacultural Science,2011,28(10):1801-1806. | |
| Authors: | XIANG Ze yu WANG Chang ting SONG Wen biao Silangshenggen Garongrenqing Dawa |
| Institution: | XIANG Ze-yu1,WANG Chang-ting1,SONG Wen-biao2,Silangshenggen3, Garongrenqing3,Dawazeren3,Zhaxiluobu3(1.College of Life Science and Technology,Southwest University for Nationalities,Sichuan Chengdu 610041,China; 2.Huangyuan Agricultural Technology Promotion Center in Qinghai Province,Qinghai Huangyuan 812100,China; 3.Daofu Agriculture and Animal Husbandry and Technology Bureau in Sichuan Province,Sichuan Daofu 626400,China) |
| Abstract: | Soil enzymes play an important role in the soil ecosystem nutrient cycling and energy flow.Therefore,the study of soil enzymatic activities has important significance to investigate the structure,function and sustainable development of grassland ecosystem.The research of soil enzymes has experienced three different historical periods which were foundation period(Before 1950s),fast development period(1950-1980s) and mutual penetration with other disciplines period(1980s).Soil enzymes are mainly derived from soil microbe.They can be divided into six categories which were oxidoreductase,hydrolase,transferase,lyase,ligase and isomerase.This paper summarizes several factors affecting soil enzymatic activities of grassland ecosystem,such as degradation levels,fertilization,grazing,soil microbe,season and so on.Based on previous research,we concluded that: 1) soil enzymatic activities tend to decrease with the aggravation of degradation,2) soil enzymatic activities could be increased to some extent by fertilization,3) soil enzymatic activities increased by light grazing but reduced by heavy grazing,4) soil enzymatic activities positively correlated with soil microbe,5) soil enzymatic activities varied with season.Finally,a prospect to the research and development of the relationship between degradation,restoration and improvement of Qinghai-Tibet plateau alpine meadow ecosystem and soil enzymatic activities was made. |
| Keywords: | grassland ecosystem soil enzymatic activities |
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