| 四种变温层积对老山芹种子胚发育及生理特性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李富恒,张雪霞,赵恒田,于萍,吴旭飞,吴晶晶,刘玉美,张晓雯.四种变温层积对老山芹种子胚发育及生理特性的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2018(5):33-44. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李富恒 张雪霞 赵恒田 于萍 吴旭飞 吴晶晶 刘玉美 张晓雯 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北农业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨,150030
中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,哈尔滨,150081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“十三五”重点研发项目(2016YFC0500307) |
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| 摘 要： | 针对老山芹种子休眠特性及其生产上存在的种子发芽率低、出苗不整齐及育苗周期长等问题,设计四种变温层积处理,定期取样,观察种胚发育情况,测定种子形态及生理生化指标,分析两类指标动态变化规律及与种子后熟关系。结果表明,经变温层积处理后老山芹种胚逐渐生长发育,由心形胚后期经鱼雷形胚后进入子叶期胚时期,完成形态后熟。变温层积过程中4℃低温阶段持续时间对种胚发育进程影响最大,时间越长越利于种胚发育。四种变温层积处理相比较,处理三模式(20℃,10 d→4℃,90 d→20℃,5 d)更利于老山芹种胚形态后熟完成,胚长和胚率增长最快,最早进入子叶期胚,是有效的种子处理方法。老山芹种胚发育过程伴随营养物质变化,不同变温层积处理营养物质变化具体过程不同,但总体趋势基本一致,其中可溶性糖含量表现为先降后升再降趋势,可溶性蛋白质、淀粉和粗脂肪含量总体呈下降趋势。研究为揭示老山芹种子休眠机理、打破种子休眠、发展老山芹产业、调整林区经济结构提供理论依据和技术支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 老山芹 种子 层积处理 形态后熟 生理指标 Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seed stratification morphological after-ripening physiological indices |
Effect of four variable temperature stratifications on the embryo development and physiological characteristics of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seed |
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| LI Fuheng,ZHANG Xuexia,ZHAO Hengtian,YU Ping,WU Xufei,WU Jingjing,LIU Yumei,ZHANG Xiaowen.Effect of four variable temperature stratifications on the embryo development and physiological characteristics of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seed[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2018(5):33-44. |
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| Authors: | LI Fuheng ZHANG Xuexia ZHAO Hengtian YU Ping WU Xufei WU Jingjing LIU Yumei ZHANG Xiaowen |
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| Abstract: | The dormancy of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seeds caused many problems on agricultural production,such as lower germination rate,irregular seedling and long period of grow seedlings,etc.In order to solve these problems in production,four kinds of variable temperature stratifications were designed.The embryo development was observed,the morphology,physiological and biochemical indices of seeds were measured by periodic sampling.Futhermore,the dynamic changes of these indices and their relationship with after-ripening of seeds were analyzed.The results showed that the embryo of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seeds gradually developed from heartshape embryo in late stage to torpedo-shaped embryo and finally formed the cotyledon embryo by the variable temperature stratification,which indicated the achievement of morphological after-ripening.In the process of variable temperature stratification,the duration of low temperature at 4 ℃ had the greatest influence on the development of embryo,and the longer the time was,the better the seed embryo development was.Compared with the four kinds of variable temperature stratification,the pattern of the third stratification (20 ℃,10 d→4 ℃,90 d→20 ℃,5 d)was most conducive to the development of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seed embryos,the length and the rate of embryo increased fastly.The seed embryos entered cotyledon stage firstly under the third pattern which was a cost-effective seed treatment method.In the growth process of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seed embryos accompanied by changes in nutrients.Although the specific process of nutrient changes in different variable temperature stratifications were different,the overall trend was basically identicial.The content of soluble sugar changed from decreasing to increasing and then declined,while the content of soluble protein,starch and crude fat decreased in general.This study provided a theoretical basis and technical support for revealing the dormancy mechanism of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance seeds,breaking the dormancy of seeds,developing its production in agriculture and adjusting the economic structure of forest area. |
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