| 向日葵菌核病田间接种方法及品种抗病性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 孟庆林.向日葵菌核病田间接种方法及品种抗病性研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(19):272-276. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孟庆林 |
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| 作者单位： | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家向日葵产业技术体系建设 |
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| 摘 要： | 建立有效的向日葵菌核病盘腐田间接种鉴定方法，对向日葵抗性资源筛选和抗病育种具有重要意义。试验以菌核病菌PDA菌丝体悬浮液、高粱粒菌丝体和子囊孢子悬浮液作为接种物，分别对不同抗感向日葵品种在R5.1（始花期）、R5.5（半开花期）和R6（盛花期）进行人工接种，从而筛选出最佳接菌物类型、浓度及接种时期，并用此方法对18个品种连续2年进行了抗性评价。试验结果表明：3种接种物均可使不同向日葵抗感品种产生盘腐症状。PDA菌丝体为30.0 g/L、高梁粒菌丝体为0.4 g/盘和子囊孢子为1×103个/mL浓度即可区分出向日葵品种间抗感性差异。R5.1~R5.5接种较R6可获得更高的发病率及病情指数。正交试验结果表明，田间盘腐接种的最佳条件为：接种物为子囊孢子悬浮液，浓度为1×103个/mL，接种时期为R5.1，保湿时间为48 h。同时筛选出4个对盘腐型菌核病表现抗病的向日葵品种。本研究所建立的向日葵田间接种方法能够有效地对向日葵进行抗菌核病筛选和鉴定。
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| 关 键 词： | 研究进展 研究进展 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/12/28 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/2/16 0:00:00 |
Methods of Inoculation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Sunflower heads under Field Conditions for Resistance Evaluation |
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| Abstract: | The objective of the study was to establish a rapid and effective technique of inoculating sunflower heads with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in field condition for screening of resistant resources and breeding for disease resistance. In this experiment , the inoculation period, the best inoculum and its concentration use for inoculation of sunflower head rot in field condition were screened, and evaluate disease resistance in 18 cultivars in the same way. The results showed that three inocula can make the susceptible variety to generate typical heads rot symptom. When the concentration of mycelium content 30.0mL/L in PDA(potato Dextrose Agar Medium) ,or 0.4 g/plate in sorghum grain ,It can distinguish resistant differences between sunflower varieties. The same to concentration of ascospore content 1 x 103/mL .The effect of inoculation (DSI and morbidity) in beginning flowering to half-bloom stage is better than it in inoculation in full-bloom stage. According to the Orthogonal experiment results show that, ascus spore suspension be inoculum, the concentration of 1 x 103/mL, inoculated time is R5.1, and moisturizing for 48 hours were the best conditions of plate rot in filed.At the same time, 4 sunflower varieties were resistant to S. Sclerotiorum be screened out by this technique. The method for evaluation of resistance to S. sclerotiorum in the field condition can effectively identify the pathogenicity of S. sclerotiorum and screen the resistance to S. sclerotiorum for sunflower breeding. |
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| Keywords: | Resistance |
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