| 不同生长时期干旱胁迫甘薯根系生长及荧光生理的特性比较 |
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| 引用本文： | 李长志,李欢,刘庆,史衍玺.不同生长时期干旱胁迫甘薯根系生长及荧光生理的特性比较[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(2):511-517. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李长志 李欢 刘庆 史衍玺 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.青岛农业大学,山东青岛 266109 |
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| 基金项目： | 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS－11－B－14)；青岛市青年专项基金(14－2－4－117－jch)；青岛农业大学博士基金(6631314)资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】干旱胁迫是我国甘薯生产所面临的重要问题,本试验旨在为研究甘薯的抗旱生理机制,明确甘薯水分临界期,减轻干旱影响和优化甘薯生产管理提供科学依据。【方法】利用人工旱棚,设置甘薯正常供水与前期、 中期和后期(即定栽后15 d、 55 d、 95 d)干旱胁迫四个处理(田间持水量的8%~10%,每次胁迫持续15天)。用Epson v700扫描仪调查了不同处理三个不同时期根系发育,用M-PEA(Hansatech,英国)测定了叶片荧光生理参数。【结果】前期和中期干旱均显著降低了甘薯地上和地下部生物量(P0.05),而后期干旱影响较小,其规律表现为前期＞中期＞后期。其中,前期干旱甘薯总生物量减少约50%; 中期干旱造成地上和地下部分别减少38.4%和31.1%; 后期干旱地上和地下部减少均约10%左右。各个时期干旱胁迫均显著影响甘薯根系发育(P 0.05)。与正常供水相比,前期干旱胁迫总根长、 总表面积和总体积分别减少49.5%、 55.7%和43.2%,中期干旱胁迫分别减少27.5%、 27.0%和28.9%,后期干旱胁迫影响较小。不同时期干旱胁迫对叶绿素荧光参数的影响不同,前期和中期胁迫处理测定值差异显著,叶绿素荧光动力学曲线发生明显变化,后期未达显著性水平。与对照相比,前期和中期的PSⅡ综合荧光参数指标Fm、 Fv/Fm、 PI(ABS)分别减少了36.4%、 15.6%、 44.3%和14.7%、 3.8%、 22.6%; 指示反应中心活性的参数φEo分别减少7.7%、 3.4%,而反映电子传递速率的参数Vj、 dV/dto分别增加了33.1%、 32.1%和19.2%、 17.1%,这些荧光参数的变化表明,干旱胁迫导致PSⅡ结构受损,反应中心受到伤害,光能转化效率降低,电子传递受阻。【结论】甘薯水分临界期处于前中期,实际中应特别加强甘薯前期的水分供应。
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| 关 键 词： | 甘薯 干旱胁迫 根系发育 叶绿素荧光参数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-11-14 |
Comparison of root development and fluorescent physiological characteristics of sweet potato exposure to drought stress in different growth stages |
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| LI Chang-zhi,LI Huan,LIU Qing,SHI Yan-xi.Comparison of root development and fluorescent physiological characteristics of sweet potato exposure to drought stress in different growth stages[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2016,22(2):511-517. |
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| Authors: | LI Chang-zhi LI Huan LIU Qing SHI Yan-xi |
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| Institution: | 1.Qingdao Agricultural University,Shandong,Qingdao 266109,China |
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| Abstract: | Objectives]To clearity the water critical period of sweet potato will provide scientific basis to find effective way against drought and optimization of production and management of sweet potato.Methods] A pot experiment was conducted inside an artificial drought shed.Three drought stress (8%-10%field water capacity, stress lasted 15 days for each treatment) was designed at early, middle and late stages of sweet potato (15, 55 and 95 days since transplanted) .The root development was measured using Epson v700 Scannor, and the fluorescence physiological parameters using M-PEA( Hansatech,Britain) method.Results]The shoot and root biomass of sweet potato were significantly reduced when exposure to drought stress at both the early and middle growth stages ( P <0.05), but not significant at late stage drought stress, and the reducing effect was in order of early stage>middle stage>late stage.Compared with the control, the shoot and root biomass were reduced almost in half in the early stage stress, and decreased by 38.4% and 31.1% at middle stage stress, and less than 10% in the late stage stress for aboveground and underground parts.Drought stress affected root development, compared with the normal water supply.Early drought stress decreased the length, surface area and volume of root by 49.5%, 55.7% and 43.2%respectively, the middle stage decreased by 27.5%, 27.0%and 28.9%respectively, and late stage had less effect.The influence of drought stress on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was different when stressed in different periods, the significant impact was found in early stage and medium stage, not in later stage.Compared with CK, the comprehensive chlorophyll fluorescence of PSⅡ, Fm, Fv/Fm and PI( ABS) at early and middle stage were decreased by 36.4%, 15.6%, 44.3%and 14.7%, 3.8%, 22.6%respectively, the φEo value decreased by 7.7%, 3.4%respectively, Vj and dV/dto increased by 33.1%, 32.1% and 19.2%, 17.1% respectively.Conclusions]The changes of fluorescence parameters reflected the PSⅡstructure damage and reaction center hurt caused by drought stress, which indicated the resulted blockage of light energy conversion efficiency and electron transfer.The adverse impact is mainly happened when sweet potato is suffered from drought stress in the early and middle growth stages.Therefore, proper irrigation should be considered in case of drought climate in seedling stage of sweet potato. |
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| Keywords: | sweet potato drought stress root growth chlorophyll fluorescence |
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