| 低分子量有机酸对植烟土壤酶活性和细菌群落结构的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 于会泳,宋晓丽,王树声,曹丽君,郭利,王晓丽,彭功银.低分子量有机酸对植烟土壤酶活性和细菌群落结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(24):4936-4947. |
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| 作者姓名： | 于会泳 宋晓丽 王树声 曹丽君 郭利 王晓丽 彭功银 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（0032015023）、湖北省烟草公司科技项目（鄂烟科【2013】18号） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】土壤生物学性质是可反映土壤质量的重要指标,论文旨在阐明根系分泌物中的低分子量有机酸对土壤生物学性质的影响,为改善土壤质量提供科学依据。【方法】利用化学试剂模拟烟草根系分泌物中的6种低分子量有机酸进行室内培养试验。根据烟苗生长前期根系分泌有机酸的数量及前人研究结果,检测1、2和3 g·kg~(-1)(碳土比)3种浓度处理的6种有机酸(苯甲酸、肉桂酸、月桂酸、邻苯二甲酸、肉豆蔻酸和棕榈酸)25℃黑暗环境下培养植烟土壤30 d后对4种土壤酶活性(过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶)的影响并应用高通量测序方法检测6种低分子量有机酸的2 g·kg~(-1)浓度处理细菌群落结构之间的差异。细菌群落结构差异性分析采用系统进化树、主成分分析、相对丰度直观展示图和物种丰度聚类热图等方法。【结果】肉桂酸3种浓度处理的蔗糖酶活性均小于对照,对土壤蔗糖酶活性的抑制作用最强;肉桂酸、邻苯二甲酸和苯甲酸对土壤脲酶活性的抑制作用较强,其3种浓度处理下的土壤脲酶活性均小于对照;肉桂酸和苯甲酸对土壤过氧化氢酶的活性抑制作用较强,其中苯甲酸3 g·kg~(-1)浓度处理土壤过氧化氢酶活性在所有处理中最低;邻苯二甲酸、肉桂酸和苯甲酸对土壤碱性磷酸酶的活性抑制作用较强,3种浓度处理下的土壤碱性磷酸酶活性均低于对照,其中苯甲酸3 g·kg~(-1)处理最低。相对丰度直观展示图结果表明2 g·kg~(-1)浓度处理的月桂酸与其他6种处理存在较大差异,蓝藻门、Chloroplast、Streptophyta和Streptophyta-unclassifled的含量分别在门、纲、目和科水平上明显大于其他6种处理,与系统进化树和主成分分析图显示的结论一致,其他处理的细菌群落结构在属以上水平差异不明显,在属水平上7个处理间有较大差异。【结论】低分子量有机酸的浓度对于土壤酶活性具有重要影响,土壤细菌或许不是影响土壤酶活性的主要原因。
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| 关 键 词： | 根系分泌物 低分子量有机酸 土壤酶活性 细菌群落结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-05-27 |
Effects of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids on Soil Enzymes Activities and Bacterial Community Structure |
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| YU Hui-yong,SONG Xiao-li,WANG Shu-sheng,CAO Li-jun,GUO Li,WANG Xiao-li,PENG Gong-yin.Effects of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids on Soil Enzymes Activities and Bacterial Community Structure[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2015,48(24):4936-4947. |
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| Authors: | YU Hui-yong SONG Xiao-li WANG Shu-sheng CAO Li-jun GUO Li WANG Xiao-li PENG Gong-yin |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Qingdao Tobacco Resources and Environment Field Station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong;2.College of Agronomy and Plant Protection, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong;3.Hubei Tobacco Company, Xiangyang Tobacco Brance, Xiangyang 441003, Hubei |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】Soil biological properties can reflect soil quality rapidly. The objective of this study is to clarify the effects of the low molecular weight organic acids on soil biological properties, and to provide a scientific basis for improving soil quality. 【Method】According to the amount of low molecular weight organic acids during tobacco early growth period and previous research results, a laboratory experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of six kinds of organic acids (benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, lauric acid, phthalic acid, myristic acid and palmitic acid) whose concentrations were 1, 2 and 3 g·kg-1 (carbon/soil ratio) on four kinds of soil enzymes activities (soil catalase, alkaline phosphatase, urease and sucrase) and bacterial community structure. Tobacco field soil was cultivated in a dark environment at 25℃ for 30 d and the analysis methods for the bacterial community included the related evolutionary tree, principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA), the classification of the relative abundance columnar diagram and the species abundance clustering heat maps, and so on. 【Result】Soil sucrase activity with three concentrations of cinnamic acid was lower than that of the control, cinnamic acid had the most inhibitory effect on soil sucrase activity. Soil urease activity with three concentrations of cinnamic acid, phthalic acid and benzoic acid were all lower than that of the control, their inhibitions were stronger. Cinnamic acid and benzoic acid had higher inhibitory effect on soil catalase activity, the value of benzoic with 3 g·kg-1 concentration was the lowest. Cinnamic acid, phthalic acid and benzoic acid inhibited the soil alkaline phosphatase activity greatly whose three concentrations were lower than that of the control and benzoic acid with 3 g·kg-1 was the lowest. The classification of the columnar diagram of different samples showed lauric acid with 2 g·kg-1 concentration had bigger differences with the others, contrasted with the 6 others, the content of Cyanophyta, Chloroplast, Streptophyta and Streptophyta- unclassified were the highest at Phylum, Class, Order and Family levels separately, the analysis results were consistent with that of the related evolutionary tree and PCoA. The other 6 treatments had no obvious differences at above the Genus level and all the treatments had differences at the Genus level. 【Conclusion】The concentrations of low molecular weight organic acids had significant effects on soil enzyme activities, and soil bacteria may not be the main reason affecting soil enzyme activities. |
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| Keywords: | root exudates low molecular weight organic acid soil enzyme activity bacterial community structure |
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