| 好氧堆肥中通风工艺与参数研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐鹏翔,王越,杨军香,李季.好氧堆肥中通风工艺与参数研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(11):2403-2408. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐鹏翔 王越 杨军香 李季 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193,中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193,全国畜牧总站, 北京 100022,中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0800601） |
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| 摘 要： | 通风是影响好氧堆肥过程中温度变化、微生物活性、气体成分、水分去除和产品质量的重要参数,文章总结了好氧堆肥中通风工艺与参数研究进展。主要结论如下:好氧堆肥有三种通风方式,即自然通风、被动通风和强制通风,其中强制通风在堆肥科学研究和堆肥工程中应用较多。定时开-关周期循环控制、氧含量反馈控制和最大氧消耗率反馈控制是好氧堆肥中典型的三种通风控制方式,定时开-关周期循环控制和氧含量反馈控制方式被认为是在工厂化堆肥中应用的标准控制方式,最大氧消耗率反馈控制是一种新型的控制方式,控制效果较好,但在实际工程中尚未被应用。堆肥通风速率因原料和堆肥形式不同而不同,研究结果认为通风速率为0.2~0.6 L·min~(-1)·kg~(-1)有机物质具有较好的应用效果。搅拌是一种特殊的堆肥通风方式,在搅拌过程中,通过分子扩散和能量梯度驱动空气质量运动,从而为堆体供给足够的氧气,这一方式在槽式和反应器堆肥中应用较多。实际堆肥工程中,条垛式堆肥一般采取翻堆结合自然通风工艺,槽式堆肥采取分段强制通风工艺,反应器堆肥一般采取间歇式通风工艺;条垛式和槽式堆肥建议翻堆频率为1 d 1次,槽式和反应器堆肥建议通风速率为0.05~0.2 m3·min~(-1)·m~(-3)有机物质。
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| 关 键 词： | 好氧堆肥 通风 工艺参数 研究进展 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/7/10 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/9/18 0:00:00 |
Advances in ventilation systems and parameter choices during aerobic composting |
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| XU Peng-xiang,WANG Yue,YANG Jun-xiang and LI Ji.Advances in ventilation systems and parameter choices during aerobic composting[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2018,37(11):2403-2408. |
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| Authors: | XU Peng-xiang WANG Yue YANG Jun-xiang and LI Ji |
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| Institution: | College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China,College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China,National Animal Husbandry Station of China, Beijing 100022, China and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China |
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| Abstract: | Ventilation is an important parameter that affects the temperature change, microbial activity, gas composition, water removal, and product quality of aerobic composting. This article reviews current research into ventilation systems and parameter choices during aerobic composting. Aerobic composting has three ventilation modes:natural, passive, and forced ventilation. Forced ventilation is widely used both in composting research and composting engineering. There are three typical ventilation control methods used in aerobic composting:OUR (oxygen uptake rate)maximization control, cyclic control, and oxygen feedback control, where the latter two are considered the standard control methods in industrial composting. OUR maximization control is a new control method exhibiting good control effects, but it has not been applied in practical composting engineering. The ventilation rate of composting is different with raw materials. The results indicate good performance under a ventilation rate of 0.2~0.6 L·min-1·kg-1 of organic matter in composting plants. A combination of pile turning and natural ventilation is typically used in the windrow composting system, sectional forced ventilation technology is typically used in the bed composting system, and intermittent ventilation technology is typically used in the reactor composting system. The stirring parameters should be once per day in windrow and bed systems, and the ventilation parameters should be 0.05~0.2 m3·min-1·m-3 of organic matter in bed and reactor systems. |
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| Keywords: | aerobic composting ventilation process parameters research progress |
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