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Growth and mortality in underplanted tree seedlings in response to variations in canopy closure of Norway spruce stands |
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| Authors: | Lof Magnus; Karlsson Matts; Sonesson Kerstin; Welander Torkel N; Collet Catherine |
| Institution: | 1 Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, PO Box 49, S-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden 2 Malmö University, Nature, Environment and Society, S-205 06 Malmö, Sweden 3 LERFoB, UMR INRA-ENGREF 1092, INRA, 54 280 Champenoux, France |
| Abstract: | Six broadleaved tree species and Picea abies (L.) Karst. wereplanted under spruce plantations of varying densities, in Sweden.Treatments included control (994 stems ha–1), dense (538stems ha–1), sparse (294 stems ha–1) and gap (0stems ha–1) overstory treatments. There was an increasein height and diameter growth from control to sparse overstorytreatment of all underplanted tree species except for ash (Fraxinusexcelsior L.) and Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.). Site conditionsmay have hampered the growth of these species, as well as wildcherry (Prunus avium L.). Both oak (Quercus robur L.) and sprucehad greater growth in the gap treatment, relative to the othertreatments. Insecticide application did not influence seedlinggrowth or survival. The performance of beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.), lime (Tilia cordata Mill.), spruce and oak was consistentwith shade tolerance ranking. Beech and lime had a very highsurvival rate, even under the densest canopy. The growth andmortality of ash, maple and wild cherry differed significantlyfrom what was expected. This experiment demonstrated significantvariation in interspecific growth and mortality between sevenplanted tree species in relation to canopy density. Correctsite and species selection is crucial when underplanting inshelterwood systems. |
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