| 水稻秸秆预处理对猪粪高温堆肥过程中磷素形态变化的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 王砚,李念念,朱端卫,周文兵,陈焰鑫,伍玉鹏.水稻秸秆预处理对猪粪高温堆肥过程中磷素形态变化的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2019,25(6):963-971. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 王砚 李念念 朱端卫 周文兵 陈焰鑫 伍玉鹏 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.华中农业大学资源与环境学院，武汉 430070 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0202000）；国家自然科学基金（41401267）。 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 目的]明确秸秆预处理加快堆肥效率的同时,考察其是否能对堆体中磷的转化产生影响。方法]通过添加秸秆腐熟剂(B)和氢氧化钙(C)分别对水稻秸秆进行10 d(B1、C1)和20 d(B2、C2)的预处理静态堆置,以无预处理的秸秆为对照(CK),与猪粪按比例混合后进行好氧堆肥。用红外光谱(IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析了水稻秸秆的改变程度,并用传统方法分级测定了堆肥过程中连续浸提的磷形态。结果]秸秆腐熟剂预处理对秸秆结构破坏性更强,且预处理时间越长效果越好。秸秆腐熟剂预处理可缩短堆肥高温期,促进水稻秸秆与猪粪混合堆肥的进程,而氢氧化钙预处理则并无明显效果。堆肥结束后,C1和C2的总磷含量分别为26.47和23.68 g/kg,CK为22.51 g/kg;而B1和B2处理分别高达29.84和32.88g/kg。不同处理堆体中各形态磷含量差异较大,但整体来看各形态总磷含量高低依次为HCl-P>NaHCO3-P>H2O-P>NaOH-P。从植物有效磷(H2O-P+NaHCO3-P)含量上来看,秸秆腐熟剂预处理效果要优于氢氧化钙预处理(B1和B2分别为14.44和13.74 g/kg,C1和C2分别为12.27和12.02 g/kg)。不同的秸秆预处理时间对堆肥过程中磷素形态的转变影响不大,但与氢氧化钙预处理组相比,秸秆腐熟剂预处理更有利于NaOH-Po向NaOH-Pi的转化。结论]秸秆腐熟剂对水稻秸秆进行预处理破坏性强于氢氧化钙预处理,且预处理时间越长效果越好。预处理有利于促进秸秆、猪粪混合堆肥过程中磷植物有效性的提高,且秸秆腐熟剂预处理效果要优于氢氧化钙预处理。
|
| 关 键 词： | 秸秆预处理 猪粪堆肥 秸秆腐熟剂 氢氧化钙 磷素形态 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-07-13 |
Influence of straw pretreatment on phosphorus forms during the process of pig manure thermophilic composting |
| |
| WANG Yan,LI Nian-nian,ZHU Duan-wei,ZHOU Wen-bing,CHEN Yan-xin,WU Yu-peng.Influence of straw pretreatment on phosphorus forms during the process of pig manure thermophilic composting[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,2019,25(6):963-971. |
| |
| Authors: | WANG Yan LI Nian-nian ZHU Duan-wei ZHOU Wen-bing CHEN Yan-xin WU Yu-peng |
| |
| Institution: | 1.College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China |
| |
| Abstract: | 【Objectives】To clarify the efficiency of straw pretreatment in accelerating the composting process of straw with manure, the transformation of phosphorus fractions during the composting were investigated.【Methods】The rice straw was pretreated via static composting by straw decomposing agent (B) and calcium hydroxide (C) for 10 days (B1, C1) or 20 days (B2, C2), respectively. The control (CK) was the rice straw without pretreatment. The rice straw was mixed with pig manure for the thermophilic composting. The measurement methods were performed by infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and phase analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) to observe the changes of straw structure. The phosphorus fractions were determined by sequential extraction procedure with conventional analyses.【Results】Compared with control, the pretreatment with B shortened the requirement of high temperature period, while that with C did not. When the composting was stopped, the total phosphorus contents were 22.51, 26.47 and 23.68 g/kg in CK, C1 and C2, while those were 29.84 g/kg in B1 and 32.88 g/kg in B2, respectively, significantly higher than CK. Although the contents of phosphorus fractions showed significant differences among the treatments, the content of each phosphorus fraction was in all in order of HCl-P > NaHCO3-P > H2O-P > NaOH-P. According to the P availability, the composting straw and manure pretreated with B accumulated more available P (H2O-P+NaHCO3-P) than that with C by 14.44 g/kg for B1 and 13.74 g/kg for B2, but only 12.27 g/kg for C1 and 12.02 g/kg for C2, respectively. Straw pretreatment time had no significant effect on the transformation of phosphorus fractions during the composting.【Conclusions】Compared with calcium hydroxide, straw decomposing agent could promote the transformation of NaOH-Po to NaOH-Pi, so lead to more phosphorous availability. The straw decomposing agent shows stronger destructivity to rice straw than calcium hydroxide, and demonstrate prospective in compost manufacture. |
| |
| Keywords: | straw pretreatment pig manure compost straw decomposing agent calcium hydroxide phosphorus fractions |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 维普 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《植物营养与肥料学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《植物营养与肥料学报》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
