| 新疆棉花种植业地理集聚特征及影响因素研究 |
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| 基金项目： | This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41361016);This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41461051) |
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| 摘 要： | 新疆是我国最大的产棉基地,研究新疆棉花种植业地理集聚特征对调整和优化农业结构布局、农民增收、促进棉花生产的可持续发展具有重要意义。本文基于1988—2016年的新疆棉花生产数据,使用区位商、区位基尼系数和空间自相关分析探究新疆棉花种植业发展的时空变化特征,并运用空间面板数据模型定性、定量地分析了各影响因素对新疆棉花种植业地理集聚的影响程度,揭示了新疆棉花种植业发展的主要驱动因素。结果表明,新疆棉花种植面积经历了持续增长(1988—1999年)、缓慢减少(2000—2004年)以及波动增长(2005—2016年) 3个阶段, 2016年已占全国种植面积的3/5,其专业化集聚水平自1992年起均高于全国其他地区,主导地位日益增强;新疆棉花种植业的区域特征明显,南疆棉区的变化主导新疆棉花种植业的变化;新疆棉花种植业的集聚水平自1988年起呈现出波动中下降后缓慢回升的趋势,其高值集聚区由喀什地区转移至阿克苏地区的库车县、新和县等地,高-低集聚、低-高集聚及低低集聚变化不大;推动新疆棉花种植业地理集聚发展的主要因素有生产性土地面积比重、棉花比较收益、机械化水平以及政策因素。
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| 收稿时间： | 2019-03-15 |
Characteristics and influencing factors of geographical agglomeration of cotton plantation in Xinjiang |
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| Authors: | Chun-Yue MA Sawut Mamat Ablet Ershat Jie YAO |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China;2.Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China;3.Key Laboratory for Wisdom City and Environmental Modeling, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China;4.Chongqing Yingxi Hengzong Information Technology Co. Ltd, Chongqing 400014, China |
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| Abstract: | Xinjiang is the largest cotton production base in China. The study on the geographical agglomeration characteristics of cotton planting in Xinjiang is of great significance in adjusting and optimizing the agricultural structure distribution of cotton production, increasing farmers’ income, and promoting the sustainable development of cotton. Based on the cotton production data of Xinjiang from 1988 to 2016, we explored the spatial-temporal change characteristics of cotton plantation by Location quotient, Gini coefficient, and spatial autocorrelation analysis, qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed various influence factors on the geographical agglomeration of cotton plantation by spatial panel data model, and revealed the main driving force of cotton planting industry in Xinjiang. The cotton planting area in Xinjiang experienced three stages, including continuous growth (1988-1999), slow decrease (2000-2004) and fluctuating growth (2005-2016). In 2016, the cotton planting area accounted for nearly 3/5 of the total area in China, and its professional agglomeration level was higher than that of other regions in China, with the increasingly strengthened leading position since 1992. The regional characteristics of cotton planting industry in Xinjiang were obvious. The change of cotton area in southern Xinjiang dominated the change of cotton plantation in Xinjiang. The agglomeration level of cotton plantation in Xinjiang showed a trend of slow recovery after a decline in fluctuation since 1988. The high aggregation (H-H) area transferred from Kashgar area to Kuqa and Xinhe in Aksu area, at the same time, the changes of high-low cluster, low-high cluster and low-low cluster were not significant. The main factors promoting the geographical agglomeration of cotton planting in Xinjiang included the proportion of productive land area, cotton comparative income, mechanization level and policy factors. |
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| Keywords: | cotton plantation geographical agglomeration spatio-temporal characteristics spatial panel data model |
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