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| 苎麻青贮及不同粗蛋白质水平精料补充料对西门塔尔牛生长性能和血清生化指标的影响 | |
| 引用本文： | 魏金涛,汪红武,杨雪海,付聪,赵娜,陈芳,樊启文.苎麻青贮及不同粗蛋白质水平精料补充料对西门塔尔牛生长性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(12):3463-3470. |
| 作者姓名： | 魏金涛 汪红武 杨雪海 付聪 赵娜 陈芳 樊启文 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 动物胚胎与分子育种工程重点实验室, 武汉 430064; 2. 咸宁市农业科学院, 咸宁 437100 |
| 基金项目： | 湖北省农业科技创新中心项目（2016-620-000-001-028） |
| 摘 要： | 本试验旨在研究苎麻青贮饲料品质及以苎麻青贮饲料为唯一粗饲料使用时，不同粗蛋白质（CP）水平精料补充料对西门塔尔牛生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。试验将苎麻与玉米秸秆按照质量比为1：1的比例混合均匀后打捆制成苎麻青贮饲料。选择年龄相近，体重为（324.83±30.27） kg的健康西门塔尔肉牛18头，随机分为3组，每组6头，1头牛为1个重复，分别饲喂CP含量为18.0%（高CP水平，试验Ⅰ组）、16.0%（中CP水平，试验Ⅱ组）和14.0%（低CP水平，试验Ⅲ组）的精料补充料。预试期10 d，正试期60 d。结果表明，苎麻与玉米秸秆混合青贮后，感官等级评定为1级优良，pH为4.24，氨态氮（NH3-N）含量显著增加（P<0.05），干物质（DM）、有机物（OM）、CP、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、钙（Ca）和总磷（TP）含量均无显著差异（P>0.05）。饲养试验结果表明，试验Ⅰ组肉牛平均日增重（ADG）最高，达到1.49 kg/d，试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组ADG与试验Ⅰ组相比分别降低了14.09%和11.41%（P>0.05）。3个试验组的干物质采食量（DMI）和料重比（F/G）均无显著差异（P>0.05）。不同CP水平精料补充料对西门塔尔牛血清中碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、天门冬氨酸转移酶（AST）、ALT/AST、总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、球蛋白（GLB）、白球比（A/G）、总胆固醇（TCHO）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）均无显著影响（P>0.05），但是试验Ⅰ组血清丙氨酸转移酶（ALT）活性显著高于试验Ⅲ组（P<0.05），但与试验Ⅱ组无显著差异（P>0.05）。综上，苎麻的营养水平较高，和玉米秸秆混合后青贮可得到品质较好的苎麻青贮饲料；将苎麻青贮饲料作为肉牛唯一粗饲料来源，高CP含量（18%）的精料补充料可提高肉牛的生长性能。 |
| 关 键 词： | 苎麻青贮 西门塔尔牛 生长性能 血清生化指标 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-05-25 |
Ramie Silage and Effects of Different Crude Protein Level of Concentrate Supplement on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Simmental Cattle |
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| WEI Jintao,WANG Hongwu,YANG Xuehai,FU Cong,ZHAO Na,CHEN Fang,FAN Qiwen.Ramie Silage and Effects of Different Crude Protein Level of Concentrate Supplement on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Simmental Cattle[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(12):3463-3470. | |
| Authors: | WEI Jintao WANG Hongwu YANG Xuehai FU Cong ZHAO Na CHEN Fang FAN Qiwen |
| Institution: | 1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China; 2. Xianning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xianning 437100, China |
| Abstract: | This experiment was conducted to evaluate the quality of ramie silage and explore the effects of different crude protein (CP) levels of concentrate supplement on growth performance and serum biochemical parameters of Simmental cattle when ramie silage was used as the main roughage.In this study,the mixture ratio of ramie and corn straw at 1:1 was designed and bundled together for ensiling.Eighteen healthy Simmental beef cattle with similar body weight (324.83±30.27) kg and age were assigned randomly to 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 cattle per replicate.Beef cattle were fed concentrate supplement containing 18.0% CP (high CP level,group Ⅰ),16.0% CP (middle CP level,group Ⅱ) and 14.0% CP (low CP,group Ⅲ),respectively.The adjustment period was 10 d,and formal experiment period was 60 d.The results showed that,in mixed ensiling experiment,the pH of ramie and maize straw mixed silage was 4.24.The content of NH3-N was increased significantly (P<0.05),while there were no significant differences for the contents of DM,OM,CP,NDF,ADF,Ca and TP (P>0.05) before and after silage and the fermentation quality grade of silage ramie was excellence.The results of feeding experiment showed that the ADG of Simmental cattle in group Ⅰ was the highest,which was 1.49 kg/d,and that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were reduced by 14.09% and 11.41% compared with group Ⅰ (P>0.05).Simultaneously,no significant difference in DMI and F/G of Simmental cattle were detected among three treatments (P>0.05).Moreover,the contents of ALP,AST,ALT/AST,TP,ALB,GLB,A/G,TCHO,TG,HDL and LDL in serum were not significantly changed with different CP levels of concentrate supplement (P>0.05).Only the content of ALT in group Ⅰ was significantly increased compared with group Ⅲ (P<0.05),but not significantly higher than group Ⅱ (P>0.05).Overall,the nutritive value of ramie was higher,and ramie and maize straw mixed ensiling could produce better ramie silage.Moreover,concentrate supplement with high protein level (18%) might improve growth performance of beef cattle when ramie silage was used as the only roughage. |
| Keywords: | ramie silage Simmental cattle growth performance serum biochemical parameters |
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