| 松嫩平原盐碱草地土壤酶活性与植物群落特征的关系初探 |
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| 引用本文： | 苏鑫,卢嫚,冯程程,郭迎岚,岳中辉.松嫩平原盐碱草地土壤酶活性与植物群落特征的关系初探[J].草业学报,2018,27(12):12-21. |
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| 作者姓名： | 苏鑫 卢嫚 冯程程 郭迎岚 岳中辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025;哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025;哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025;哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025;哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025 |
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| 基金项目： | 黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2017039)和黑龙江省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目（2017-KYYWF-0135）资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来,由草地资源不合理利用造成的草地退化、草地生态系统结构失调现象屡见不鲜。研究土壤的理化性质,对遏制草地退化、维护草地生态系统平衡、促进草地畜牧业的可持续发展具有重要的意义。土壤氮磷是草地土壤养分的重要组成部分,为揭示甘南州高寒草地全氮、全磷的空间分布状况,基于地面实测数据,采用经典统计与地统计相结合的方法,重点研究该地区全氮、全磷样地间及垂直分布的含量变化,并将其与N/P、C/N、土壤有机质及土壤含水量做相关性分析,最后分析不同海拔梯度、不同土层深度下土壤全氮、全磷的变化特征。结果表明:1)甘南草地表层全氮含量由西南向东北、由西向东逐渐降低。表层全磷的分布格局与全氮相似,呈西南向东北、从西向东南降低的趋势。全氮、全磷在040 cm的土层中均具有中等变异性。土壤全氮在020 cm土层变异程度降低,在2040 cm土层变异程度增加。土壤全磷的变异程度随土层深度的增加而增加。同一土层深度,土壤全氮的水平变异性都较全磷显著。随着土层深度的增加,全氮、全磷含量呈递减趋势,表层全氮、全磷含量显著高于深层土壤,普遍存在表面聚集现象。2)甘南草地土壤全磷在010 cm、1020 cm、2030 cm土层与全氮呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),随深度增加全氮与全磷的相关系数逐渐降低,至3040 cm土层不具有显著的相关性。N/P值与土壤全氮呈极显著正相关关系,与土壤全磷含量相关性不显著;表层土壤有机质含量与全氮、全磷和N/P皆呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),且相关程度分别为:全氮>N/P>全磷。在各土层深度,有机质含量皆与土壤含水量呈极显著正相关。3)甘南草地土壤全氮、全磷含量均随海拔升高而降低。同一海拔,全氮、全磷含量随土层深度的增加变异系数呈增加的趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤酶 植物群落特征 盐碱草地 季节动态 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-01-23 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-04-27 |
spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil on the Gannan Plateau |
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| ZHANG Yao-yao,LENG Ruo-lin,CUI Xia,SONG Qing-jie,XU Gang.spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil on the Gannan Plateau[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2018,27(12):12-21. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yao-yao LENG Ruo-lin CUI Xia SONG Qing-jie XU Gang |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2.State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China |
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| Abstract: | Recently, grassland degradation and ecosystem structural disorders caused by inappropriate use of grassland resources have become more common. Studies on the physical and chemical properties of soil are great significance for controlling grassland degradation, maintaining the balance of grassland ecosystems, and promoting the sustainable development of grassland animal husbandry. Soil nitrogen and phosphorus are important components of soil nutrients in grassland. The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus on the Gannan plateau. Using classical statistical and geostatistical methods, we focused on the vertical distribution of soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and variations in the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in soil among sampling areas on the basis of ground-measured data. After determining the characteristics of total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents at different elevations and different soil depths, we analyzed the correlations among total nitrogen, total phosphorus, N/P, C/N, soil organic matter, and soil moisture. The results showed that: 1) Total nitrogen content in the surface of grassland gradually decreased from southwest to northeast and from west to east of the study area. Similar to the distribution of total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content changed from southwest to northeast and from west to southwest. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents showed medium variability at the 0-40 cm soil depth. The variation in total nitrogen content was higher at 20-40 cm depth than at 0-20 cm depth. The variation in total phosphorus content increased with soil depth. The total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents gradually decreased with soil depth, but the total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents tended to be higher in the surface layer than in lower layers. The phenomenon of surface aggregation was common. 2) The total phosphorus content was significantly (P<0.01) correlated with total nitrogen content in the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm soil depths. The correlation coefficient progressively decreased with soil depth, and became insignificant in the deeper soil layers (30-40 cm). The N/P ratio was highly significantly correlated with total nitrogen content, but showed a weaker correlation with total phosphorus content. There were significant (P<0.05) positive correlations between soil organic matter content and total phosphorus content and the N/P ratio. The factors affecting soil organic matter content could be ranked, from strongest correlation to weakest, as follows: total nitrogen>N/P ratio>total phosphorus. Soil organic matter and soil moisture content were very significantly positively correlated in all soil layers. 3) The total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents in soil increased with increasing elevation. However, the coefficients of variation of total nitrogen and total phosphorus increased with soil depth at the same altitude. |
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| Keywords: | grassland total nitrogen total phosphorus organic matter spatial distribution spatial variability |
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