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| 北京地区荷斯坦奶牛皮肤褶皱厚度与泌乳性能关系的研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 娄文琦,李源韬,常瑶,苏义童,黄铭逸,张海亮,董刚辉,李锡智,王雅春.北京地区荷斯坦奶牛皮肤褶皱厚度与泌乳性能关系的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(2):375-383. |
| 作者姓名： | 娄文琦 李源韬 常瑶 苏义童 黄铭逸 张海亮 董刚辉 李锡智 王雅春 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 北京 100193; 2. 首农畜牧发展有限公司, 北京 100029 |
| 基金项目： | 现代农业（奶牛）产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-36）；长江学者和创新团队发展计划（IRT_15R62）；现代农业产业技术体系北京市奶牛创新团队（BAIC06-2017） |
| 摘 要： | 本研究通过测定荷斯坦奶牛肋部和颈部皮肤褶皱厚度，探究了皮肤褶皱厚度的影响因素及其与泌乳性能的关系。利用数显游标卡尺测量荷斯坦奶牛肋部和颈部皮肤褶皱厚度，评定奶牛体况，并收集皮肤褶皱厚度测量月份试验牛场的奶牛生产性能数据，共得到2 519头奶牛的数据用于分析。利用固定效应模型分析胎次、牛场、测定人、泌乳阶段、体况评分对奶牛皮肤褶皱厚度的影响，皮肤褶皱厚度对泌乳性能影响的分析模型中同样包括上述固定效应。结果表明胎次、牛场、测定人、泌乳阶段、体况评分对荷斯坦奶牛皮褶厚均有极显著影响（P < 0.01），肋部皮肤褶皱厚度对泌乳性能无显著影响（P > 0.05），而颈部皮肤褶皱厚度对日产奶量、乳脂率影响显著（P < 0.05），颈部皮肤褶皱厚度对乳蛋白率、尿素氮无显著影响（P > 0.05）。颈部皮褶厚为7.20 mm的个体日产奶量最高；颈部皮褶厚为6.00 mm的个体，乳脂率最低。本研究进一步阐明了荷斯坦奶牛泌乳期内不同部位皮肤褶皱厚度的影响因素，并首次利用大群数据区分不同部位研究了皮肤褶皱厚度对泌乳性能的影响，为利用皮肤褶皱厚度提高奶牛管理效率提供科学依据。 |
| 关 键 词： | 荷斯坦奶牛 皮褶厚 产奶量 乳成分 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-08-29 |
Study on the Relationship Between the Skinfold Thickness and Lactation Performance of Holstein in Beijing |
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| LOU Wenqi,LI Yuantao,CHANG Yao,SU Yitong,HUANG Mingyi,ZHANG Hailiang,DONG Ganghui,LI Xizhi,WANG Yachun.Study on the Relationship Between the Skinfold Thickness and Lactation Performance of Holstein in Beijing[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2018,45(2):375-383. | |
| Authors: | LOU Wenqi LI Yuantao CHANG Yao SU Yitong HUANG Mingyi ZHANG Hailiang DONG Ganghui LI Xizhi WANG Yachun |
| Institution: | 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 2. Beijing Shounong Livestock Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100029, China |
| Abstract: | To identify the factor affecting skinfold thickness and to explore the effects of skinfold thickness on the lactation performance of Holstein,the neck skinfold thickness and rib skinfold thickness were measured using a digital display caliper while the body condition score (BCS) of tested Holstein was evaluated, and Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) records at the month when skinfold thickness was measured were collected. Finally,records of 2 519 milking cows were used in the analysis. The fixed effect model were used to analyze the effects of parity,farm,measurer, lactation stage and BCS on skinfold thickness,and the model analyzing the effects of skinfold thickness on the milk performance also included the above mentioned fixed effects. The results showed that parity farm,measurer,lactation stage and BCS had extremely significant effects on the skinfold thickness (P < 0.01).The neck skinfold thickness had significant impacts on the daily milk yield and milk fat percentage (P < 0.05),but no significant impacts on milk protein percentage and milk urea nitrogen (P > 0.05), while the rib skinfold thickness did not have significant impact on the milk performance (P > 0.05). The highest milk yield could be derived when the neck skinfold thickness was 7.20 mm and the lowest milk fat percentage could be derived when the neck skinfold thickness was 6.00 mm. This study intensively illustrated the factors affecting the skinfold thickness in different regions of body during the entire lactation period and explored the impacts of skinfold thickness in different regions of body on the lactation performance in Holstein population,which could provide a theory basis for utilizing skinfold thickness to improve the management in dairy farm. |
| Keywords: | Holstein skinfold thickness milk yield milk component |
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