| 中华鳖五群体遗传变异的RAPD分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘至治.中华鳖五群体遗传变异的RAPD分析[J].水产学报,2004,28(2):119-126. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘至治 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海水产大学农业部水产种质资源与养殖生态重点开放实验室,上海,200090 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市水产办《中华鳖养殖业持续发展研究》项目(科0095) |
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| 摘 要： | 从97个10碱基随机引物中筛选出30个多态性引物,对黄河鳖、淮河鳖、洞庭湖鳖、鄱阳湖鳖及太湖鳖5个群体共100只个体进行RAPD分析.结果表明,中华鳖的遗传多样性较丰富.表现在(1)在获得的341条RAPD扩增带中,有234条(68.6%)呈现多态性;2个引物有可明显地反映种群差异的扩增带,其中S105扩增的1408bp在黄河鳖的出现频率仅为20%,而在另外4个群体的出现频率达80%～90%;S37扩增的438bp在5个群体的出现频率大小为黄河鳖85% >淮河鳖65% >洞庭湖鳖55% >鄱阳湖鳖40% >太湖鳖20%,呈现出从黄河到淮河到长江、从长江的中游到下游逐步降低的遗传渐变现象;(2)多态位点比例(P)的大小顺序为太湖鳖59.25%>洞庭湖鳖56.52%>鄱阳湖鳖55.80%>淮河鳖55.03%>黄河鳖54.43%,但5个群体间的差异不显著(F=0.644<F0.05;4,145=2.45);5群体内的遗传多态度(π)在0.3644～0.3883间;(3)群体内遗传相似度大小顺序为淮河鳖0.782>黄河鳖0.771>鄱阳湖鳖0.768>洞庭湖鳖0.750>太湖鳖0.722,其中太湖鳖与黄河鳖、淮河鳖、鄱阳湖鳖3个群体间的差异显著(P <0.05);(4)分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,黄河鳖与淮河鳖、洞庭湖鳖及鄱阳湖鳖3个群体间,太湖鳖与黄河鳖、淮河鳖2个群体间有极显著的遗传分化(P<0.001);(5)根据遗传距离,用UPGMA 和NJ法进行聚类分析表明黄河鳖与淮河鳖、洞庭湖鳖与鄱阳湖鳖分别先聚在一起,最后再与太湖鳖聚类,显示太湖鳖在基因组上与其它4个群体鳖存在明显歧化.
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| 关 键 词： | 中华鳖 群体 遗传变异 RAPD 遗传多态度 遗传距离 遗传相似度 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0615(2004)02-0119-08 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/3/15 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年4月11日 |
Analysis of genetic variations of five populations in Trionyx sinensis by RAPD |
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| LIU Zhi-zhi.Analysis of genetic variations of five populations in Trionyx sinensis by RAPD[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2004,28(2):119-126. |
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| Authors: | LIU Zhi-zhi |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Resources and Aquacultural Ecosystem Certificated by theMinistry of Agriculture , Shanghai Fisheries University , Shanghai 200090, China |
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| Abstract: | RAPD was conducted to analyse the genetic variations of five populations in Trionyx sinensis ) Yellow
River population, Huai River population, Dongting Lake populat ion, Poyang Lake population and Taihu Lake
population, w ith 30 po lymorphic 10-based random primers selected from 97 ones. The major results indicated that
the genetic diversity of the five populations in T . sinensis was rich. They were: ( 1) 341 bands were detected and
234 of them were polymorphic, accounted for 68. 6%. Two primers could amplify distinctive bands among the
f ive populations. The appeared frequency of 1408bp band amplif ied by primer S105 was 20% in the Yellow River population, but it was 80%~ 90% in the other four populations. The range of appeared frequency of 438bp band
amplified by primer S37 in the five populations was: Yellow River population 85% > Huai River population 65%
> Dongting Lake population 55% > Poyang Lake population 40% > Taihu Lake population 20% , which
indicated a genetic decline from Yellow River to Huai River, from middle reaches of Yangtze River to its lower
reaches; ( 2) The range of proportion of polymorphic loci was: Taihu Lake population 59. 25% > Dongting Lake
population 56. 52% > Poyang Lake population 55. 80% > Huai River population 55. 03% > Yellow River
population 54. 43%, and there was no signif icant difference among the five populations( F= 0. 644< F0. 05; 4, 145
= 2. 45) . The genet ic diversity index ( P) was 0. 3644~ 0. 3833 in the populations; ( 3) The average genet ic
similarity index within each population ranked as Huai River population 0. 782 > Yellow River population 0. 771
> Poyang Lake population 0. 768 > Dongting Lake population 0. 750 > Taihu Lake populat ion 0. 722. There
was significant dif ference between Taihu Lake populat ion and Yellow River population,Huai River population and
Poyang Lake populat ion( P < 0. 05) ; ( 4) The results of analysis of molecular variance( AMOVA) showed that
there was signif icantly genetic breaking up between Yellow River population and Huai River population,Dongting
Lake population, Poyang Lake population respectively, also between Taihu Lake population and Yellow River
population, Huai River populat ion respectively ( P < 0. 001) ; ( 5) Yellow River and Huai River population,
Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake population clustered f irst respectively, then they clustered with Taihu lake
population by UPGMA and NJ method according to their genetic distances, which indicated that there was an
obvious divergence between Taihu Lake population and the other four populations. |
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| Keywords: | Trionyx sinensis population genetic variation random amplified polymorphic DNA |
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