| 渭北旱塬坡耕地水土和养分流失特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 王健,尹武君,云峰,张青峰.渭北旱塬坡耕地水土和养分流失特征[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(1):33-37. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王健 尹武君 云峰 张青峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌,712100
2. 内蒙古煤炭建设生态环境研究院,呼和浩特,010020 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“十一五”科技支撑课题(2006BAD29B03);中科院知识创新项目(KSCX1-YW-09-07-02/4);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费科研创新专项(QN2011152) |
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| 摘 要： | 以渭北旱塬的坡耕地为对象,采用定位监测和室内分析相结合的方法,研究其退化机理。取得以下主要结论:坡耕地的土壤退化主要是水土流失所致,水土流失主要集中在年内的几场暴雨。观测期内5°、10°和15°坡面平均产沙量分别为320.9,1 581.1,3 819.6t/(km2.a);平均产流量分别为13 836.4,46 869.3,53 956.5m3/(km2.a)。受降雨强度和坡度影响较大。水土流失导致坡耕地土壤容重增加,孔隙度减小,持水能力减弱,且带走土壤中有效养分量,使土壤肥力降低。流失泥沙中全氮和速效钾含量远高于耕层土壤中的含量,表现出"富集"。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤退化 水土流失 坡耕地 |
Characteristics of Water and Soil and Nutrients Loss on Sloping Lands in Weibei Highland |
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| WANG Jian,YIN Wu-jun,YUN Feng,ZHANG Qing-feng.Characteristics of Water and Soil and Nutrients Loss on Sloping Lands in Weibei Highland[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,26(1):33-37. |
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| Authors: | WANG Jian YIN Wu-jun YUN Feng ZHANG Qing-feng |
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| Institution: | 1(1.College of Resource and Environment,Northwest A & F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100; 2.Inner Mongolia Academy of Coal Construction & Ecological Environment,Hohht 010020) |
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| Abstract: | The thesis studied the mechanism of soil degradation of slope lands in Weibei highland by field orientation observed and laboratory analysis.The main conclusions were as follows: The slope lands degradation was caused by soil and water erosion which was the several torrential rains within a year.The mean sediment yield of 5°,10° and 15° were 320.9,1 581.1 and 3 819.6 t/(km2·a) and the mean runoff were 13 836.4,46 869.3,53 956.5 m3/(km2·a) respectively within the observation period.The value was impacted by rain intensity and slope.Water and soil erosion resulted in the increase of soil bulk density and the decease of the soil porosity and the lower of the water-holding capacity as well as removing the soil available nutrients which could lead to poor fertility.The content of the total nitrogen and available potassium in sediment were far higher than those of plough layer which took on the enrichment. |
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| Keywords: | soil degradation soil and water erosion slope land |
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