| 外源营养物对菌丝体生物质材料的生长研究及其性能表征 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈晨伟,丁榕,彭柳城,谢晶,杨福馨,杨新宇,于千惠.外源营养物对菌丝体生物质材料的生长研究及其性能表征[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(21):295-302. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈晨伟 丁榕 彭柳城 谢晶 杨福馨 杨新宇 于千惠 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 上海海洋大学食品学院，上海 201306； 2. 上海冷链设备性能与节能专业技术服务平台，上海 201306；3. 国家食品科学与工程试验教学示范中心（上海海洋大学），上海 201306;1. 上海海洋大学食品学院，上海 201306； 2. 上海冷链设备性能与节能专业技术服务平台，上海 201306；3. 国家食品科学与工程试验教学示范中心（上海海洋大学），上海 201306 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系资助（CARS-47）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0400701）；上海市科委公共服务平台建设项目（19DZ2284000）；上海市大学生创新项目（S202110264033） |
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| 摘 要： | 为优化菌丝体生物质材料配方和成品性能，该研究以菌丝生长速率为评价指标，首先通过单因素试验筛选出较佳外源营养物。再利用Plackett-Burman试验确定了影响平菇菌丝生长的主要因素为葡萄糖、酵母粉和KH2PO4，通过最陡爬坡试验和Box-Behnken响应面分析对添加物进行分析，得到较佳外源营养物组合为：质量分数为4.7%葡萄糖、1%酵母粉和0.3%磷酸二氢钾。最后比较了未添加和添加外源营养物制得的菌丝体材料结构与性能，结果表明：与未添加组相比，添加外源营养物制得的菌丝体材料，其菌丝粗壮且相对致密，菌丝直径增加了460 nm；复合材料压缩强度为114 kPa，较未添加对照组提升了43.7%，说明外源营养物的添加促进了平菇菌丝的生长，提高了菌丝体材料的强度和回弹性。研究结果为菌丝体生物质材料的制备及其性能优化提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 可降解材料 优化 菌丝体材料 外源营养物 响应面分析法 农业废弃物 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/8/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/10/10 0:00:00 |
Effects of exogenous nutrients on the growth of mycelial biomass materials and its characterization |
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| Chen Chenwei,Ding Rong,Peng Liucheng,Xie Jing,Yang Fuxin,Yang Xinyu,Yu Qianhui.Effects of exogenous nutrients on the growth of mycelial biomass materials and its characterization[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(21):295-302. |
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| Authors: | Chen Chenwei Ding Rong Peng Liucheng Xie Jing Yang Fuxin Yang Xinyu Yu Qianhui |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Food Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2. Shanghai Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Professional Technical Service Platform, Shanghai 201306, China; 3. National Food Science and Technology Engineering Experiment Teaching Demonstration Center (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai 201306, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Biodegradable materials have been drawn great attention to reduce carbon emissions under the concept of carbon neutrality and serious environmental pollution. A mycelium material has been widely developed as a new type of green biomass for these requirements. A completely degradable porous material can be prepared as follows. Some agricultural wastes (rich in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and mycelium) are degraded to penetrate or wrap the substrate for better binder function. As such, the nutrients of mycelium can be obtained by secreting cellulase, lignin peroxidase, and laccase. Therefore, it is very necessary to clarify the mycelial growth during preparation, in order to obtain a mycelial material with excellent performance. In this study, exogenous nutrients were added to promote mycelial growth in the process of traditional edible fungus culture. The mycelial growth rate was also taken as the response index. The best exogenous nutrients were first screened out using a single factor experiment. Then, a Plackett-Burman experiment was used to determine the main influencing factors on the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus, such as glucose, yeast powder, and KH2PO4. The steepest climbing test and Box-Behnken response surface method (RSM) were also used to obtain the best combination of exogenous nutrients. The results showed that the glucose, yeast powder, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate presented a significant effect on the growth rate of mycelium. Specifically, the model determination coefficient was 0.987 9, and the correction determination coefficient was 0.972 2, indicating an excellent performance and high reliability of the model. An optimal combination of parameters was also achieved, where 4.7% mass fraction glucose, 1% mass fraction yeast powder, and 0.3% mass fraction KH2PO4. The experiment showed that the average growth rate of mycelium was 10.28 mm/d, which was consistent with the predicted value. In addition, the structure and properties of mycelial materials were characterized in the control and nutrient groups. It was found that there was no significant difference in the density between 240-260 kg/m3. However, the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images showed that the morphology of mycelium material with exogenous nutrients presented dense and tangled with each other, where the pores between the hyphae were reduced, compared with the control group. The shape was also the dense hyphal membrane structure in the nutrition group. Specifically, the average diameter of the hyphae in the nutrition group (1 730 nm) increased by 460 nm, compared with the control group (1 270 nm). The compression strength of the material in the nutrition group was 114 kPa, which increased by 43.7% over that in the control group. In terms of rebound rate, the material in the nutrition group (61.4%) was also slightly higher than that in the control group (55.3%). The mechanical properties demonstrated that the addition of exogenous nutrients promoted the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium, whereas, the increase in silk led to the increase in the strength and resilience of mycelial material. This finding can also provide a strong reference for the preparation and properties optimization of mycelial biomass materials. |
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| Keywords: | degradable materials optimization mycelial materials exogenous nutrients response surface analysis agricultural waste |
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