| 香溪河流域降雨侵蚀力特征及简易算法初步研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张革,刘德富,,宋林旭,朱晓明.香溪河流域降雨侵蚀力特征及简易算法初步研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(5):7-12. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张革 刘德富 宋林旭 朱晓明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 三峡大学 水利与环境学院, 湖北 宜昌 443002;2. 三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心, 湖北 宜昌 443002;3. 湖北工业大学 资源与环境学院, 武汉 430068 |
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| 摘 要： | 降雨侵蚀力表示降雨引起土壤侵蚀的潜在能力，对土壤侵蚀定量预报及评价研究有重要意义。利用三峡库区香溪河流域兴山气象站1990—2009年20 a的逐日降雨量资料，采用日降雨侵蚀力模型估算了研究区的降雨侵蚀力，分析了降雨侵蚀力的年内、年际演变特征，并以此为基准值建立了降雨侵蚀力简易算法模型。结果表明:香溪河流域年内降雨侵蚀力R主要集中在5—8月，占全年的71%，峰值与侵蚀性降雨峰值一致，均出现在7月；R值年际变化较大，变异系数达到0.36，多年平均降雨侵蚀力为4 361.55（MJ·mm）/（hm2·h），R值与年降雨量和年侵蚀性降雨量年际变化趋势基本一致，但也存在少数异常年份，多年降雨侵蚀力年际变化趋势系数为0.106，呈增加趋势；简易算法模型决定系数均在0.9以上，相对误差较小，均能满足要求，可应用于研究流域，但降雨侵蚀力精确值未知，模型参数有待进一步优化。
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| 关 键 词： | 日雨量 降雨侵蚀力 演变特征 简易算法模型 香溪河流域 |
Rainfall Erosivity Characteristics and Simple Estimation Method in Xiangxi River Watershed |
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| ZHANG Ge,LIU De-fu,,SONG Lin-xu,ZHU Xiao-ming.Rainfall Erosivity Characteristics and Simple Estimation Method in Xiangxi River Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(5):7-12. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Ge LIU De-fu SONG Lin-xu ZHU Xiao-ming |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Hydraulic & Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China;2. Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China;3. College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China |
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| Abstract: | Rainfall erosivity shows the potential ability of the soil loss caused by rainfall and it is very important for predicting soil loss quantitatively. A rainfall erosivity model using daily rainfall amounts to estimate half month rainfall erosivity directly was adopted to calculate the rainfall erosivity in study area by using daily rainfall data from Xingshan weather station during 1990—2009 of Xiangxi river watershed in Three Gorges Reservoir, and to analyze evolution characteristics of rainfall erosivity between year and interannual,and simple arithmetic models were established. The results show that the distribution of R in Xiangxi River Watershed mainly focused on the period from May to August, accounting for 71% of all year value, and its peak appears in July consistent with erosive rainfall. The interannual variability of R value is very large, and the coefficient of variation reaches to 0.36. Yearly average rainfall erosivity is 4 361.55 (MJ·mm)/(hm2·h). The interannual variability trend of R value is the same as the trend annual rainfall and erosive rainfall, but there are also some abnormal years. Trend coefficient of rainfall erosivity is 0.106, which is increasing. The coefficient of determination of simple arithmetic models is all over 0.9, and relative error is small, meeting requirements, which can use to study area. Due to the exact value of R unknown, the model parameters will be further optimized. |
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| Keywords: | daily rainfall amount rainfall erosivity evolution characteristics simple algorithm model Xiangxi River watershed |
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