| 美国林业生物质能源政策演进及启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 孟贵,张超,吴水荣,赵程乐,张旭峰.美国林业生物质能源政策演进及启示[J].世界林业研究,2022,35(3):80-85. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孟贵 张超 吴水荣 赵程乐 张旭峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所, 北京 100091 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国林科院基本科研业务费专项资金项目“中国林科院—田纳西大学生物质科学与工程创新平台”（CAFYBB2018GD002-05） |
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| 摘 要： | 发展林业生物质能源对改善中国能源消费结构、应对气候变化以及实现“3060”双碳目标具有重要意义。文中梳理美国林业生物质能源政策演进过程；总结出美国林业生物质能源政策的主要特点，即始终以实现国家能源独立为核心目标，法律法规、财税支持、政府采购是主要手段，阶段目标与支持措施适时调整；提出促进我国林业生物质能源发展的建议:制定系统性的法律法规、明确发展路径，给予原料生产者补贴、完善向企业提供资金支持和税收优惠并强化科技创新力度等相关配套措施，适时调整阶段性的发展目标、重点解决好原料供应不足以及利用效率低下等问题。
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| 关 键 词： | 林业生物质能源 政策演进 美国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-09-09 |
Forest Biomass Energy Policy in the USA: Evolution and Inspiration |
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| Institution: | 1.Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China2.West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States of America |
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| Abstract: | Developing forest biomass energy is of great significance for improving China's energy consumption structure, addressing climate change and achieving the “3060” carbon peak and neutrality target. This paper reviews the evolution process of the USA policies for forest biomass energy, and concludes the main characteristics of the policies, which stress national energy independence as the core goal the laws and regulations as well as fiscal and tax support as the main policy means, and timely adjusting of support measures to meet policy goals. Based on the above analysis, policy recommendations are put forward to promote the development of forest biomass energy in China, including: 1) Formulating overarching laws and regulations to clarify the development path of forest biomass; 2) Providing subsidies to raw material producers, improving financial support and tax incentives for enterprises, and strengthening technological innovation; and 3) Timely adjusting the phased development goals, with the focus on how to solve the problems of insufficient materials supply and low utilization efficiency. |
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