| 不同纤维和蛋白质水平饲粮对12月龄焉耆马营养物质消化代谢、血浆生化指标的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘凯,李晓斌,陈学济,徐向君,阿尔斯林,杨开伦.不同纤维和蛋白质水平饲粮对12月龄焉耆马营养物质消化代谢、血浆生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016(4):1274-1284. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘凯 李晓斌 陈学济 徐向君 阿尔斯林 杨开伦 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 新疆农业大学动物科学学院，新疆肉乳用草食动物营养重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830052;2. 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州和静县宝奇焉耆马种马场,焉耆,841100 |
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| 基金项目： | “十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题资助(2012BAD45B02) |
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| 摘 要： | 本试验旨在研究不同纤维和蛋白质水平饲粮对12月龄焉耆马营养物质消化代谢、血浆生化指标的影响,为焉耆马的科学饲养提供理论依据。试验选取年龄为12月龄、平均体重为(191±20)kg的焉耆马公马12匹,随机分为2组,每组6匹;采用分期分组的设计方法,第1期为试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组,第2期为试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅳ组,各组饲喂不同纤维和蛋白质水平的饲粮(各组饲粮中纤维和蛋白质水平分别为76.59%、6.81%,74.21%、7.88%,71.82%、8.94%,69.41%、10.01%),进行21 d的消化代谢试验,其中预试期15 d,正试期6 d。结果表明:焉耆马对饲粮中干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、钙、磷摄入量随饲粮中蛋白质水平的增加呈上升趋势,但中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维摄入量呈下降趋势;焉耆马对干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、钙的消化率以及消化能和代谢能随饲粮中蛋白质水平的增加而增加,其中试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组钙的消化率比试验Ⅰ组分别提高10.78%(P0.05)、19.48%(P0.05)、7.46%(P0.05);试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组代谢能显著高于试验Ⅰ组及试验Ⅱ组(P0.05)。就氮、钙、磷代谢而言,焉耆马体内钙、磷的沉积率也呈增加趋势,但增加饲粮中蛋白质水平对氮沉积率无显著影响(P0.05);各组血浆中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、尿素氮、谷氨酰胺含量无显著差异(P0.05)。由此得出,提高焉耆马饲粮中的蛋白质水平可增加营养物质的摄入量,提高营养物质的消化率和沉积量,且以饲粮中纤维水平为69.41%、蛋白质水平为10.01%时最佳,但对血浆生化指标无显著影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 饲粮 焉耆马 纤维 蛋白质 消化代谢 血浆生化指标 |
Effects of Different Dietary Fiber and Protein Levels on Nutrient Digestion and Metabolism,and Plasma Biochemical Indices of 12 Months Old Yanqi Horse |
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| Abstract: | This test mainly studied the effects of different dietary fiber and protein levels on nutrient digestion and metabolism, and plasma biochemical indices of 12 months old Yanqi horse. Twenty health Yanqi male hor-ses with the age of 12 months old and the average body of (191±20) kg were randomly divided into 2 groups, each group of 6 horses. Used the method of staging group, trail group Ⅰ and trail group Ⅱ were arranged in stage 1, and trail group Ⅲ and trial group Ⅳ were arranged in stage 2. Horses in the 4 groups were fed with different fiber and protein level diets ( the levels of fiber and protein in the diets were 76. 59% and 6. 81%, 74.21% and 7.88%, 71.82% and 8.94%, 69.41% and 10.01%, respectively) . The digestion and metabolism experiment lasted for 21 d, comprised a 15 d adaptation period and 6 d trial period. The results showed that the intakes of dry matter ( DM) , organic matter ( OM) , crude protein ( CP) , calcium ( Ca) , phosphorus ( P) of the Yanqi horse all showed increasing trends with the dietary protein level increasing, but the intakes of neutral detergent fiber ( NDF) and acid detergent fiber ( ADF) showed decreasing trends. The digestibility of the DM, OM, CP and Ca, and digestible energy ( DE) and metabolism energy ( ME) of Yanqi horse was increased with the dietary protein level increasing. Among them, the digestibility of Ca of trial groupsⅡ,ⅢandⅣwas increased by 10.78% ( P>0.05) , 19.48% ( P>0.05) and 7.46% ( P>0.05) compared with trial groupⅠ, re-spectively; the ME of trial groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ ( P<0.05) . In aspect of nitrogen, Ca and P metabolism, the retention rates of Ca and P of Yanqi horse were in-creased , but increasing the dietary protein level had no significant effect on nitrogen retention rate;the contents of total protein ( TP) , albumin ( ALB) , globulin ( GLB) , urea nitrogen ( UN) and glutamine ( Gln) in plas-ma were not significantly different among all groups ( P>0.05) . Therefore, increasing the dietary protein level can increase the intakes of nutrients, improve nutrient digestibility and retention, but can not affect plasma bio-chemical indices, and the optimal levels of fiber and protein in the diet are 69.41% and 10.01%, respectively. |
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| Keywords: | diet Yanqi horse fiber protein digestion and metabolism plasma biochemical indices |
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