Effects of differently processed diets on growth,immunity and water quality of the sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867) |
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| Authors: | S‐D Xia H‐S Yang Y Li S‐L Liu L‐B Zhang K Chen J‐H Li A‐G Zou |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, , Qingdao, China;2. Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, , Beijing, China;3. Shandong Oriental Ocean Sci‐tech Co. Ltd, , Yantai, China;4. Shandong Anyuan Aquaculture Co. Ltd, , Yantai, China |
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| Abstract: | The type of formulated diet used in aquaculture systems affects the feed efficiency and water quality. In this study, the water quality, growth performance and immunity of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867), fed diets produced using four different processing methods (extruded pellet diet, cold‐bonded pellet diet, flake diet and mash diet) were quantified for 60 days to identify the optimal feed type for culturing of this species. Sea cucumbers grew faster, the feed conversion ratio was much lower, and immunity indicators were higher when fed the extruded pellet diet compared to the other diets. Sea cucumbers fed the extruded pellet diet had the highest specific growth rate (0.96), whereas A. japonicus fed the cold‐bonded pellet diet had the lowest specific growth rate (0.51). The lysozyme activity of sea cucumbers fed the extruded pellet diet was higher (57.52) than that of A. japonicus fed the cold‐bonded pellet diet (39.22), flake diet (37.32) and mash diet (32.68). When animals were fed the mash diet, the ammonia–nitrogen, nitrite–nitrogen and phosphate productions were higher than in animals fed the other diets. These results indicate that the extruded pellet diet is the optimum feed type for use in the culture of A. japonicus. |
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| Keywords: | Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka 1867) feed processing method growth immunity water quality |
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