| 锥栗开花生物学特性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 赖俊声,龚榜初,张君媚,江锡兵,胡青素,杨龙.锥栗开花生物学特性研究[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(31):79-84. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赖俊声 龚榜初 张君媚 江锡兵 胡青素 杨龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 庆元县林业局,中国林业科学院亚热带林业研究所,庆元县农业局,中国林业科学院亚热带林业研究所,庆元县林业局,庆元县林业局 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“十二五”科技支撑专题“华东地区锥栗高效生产关键技术研究与示范”(2013BAD14B0403)；浙江省十三五林木新品种选育重大科技 专项课题“木本粮油树种种质创制与新品种选育”。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解锥栗雌雄花生长和发育规律，掌握其开花生物学特性。以不同锥栗品种为材料，对其雌雄花开花节律、物候期、雌雄花数量、雄花序及结果枝生长节律等问题进行研究。锥栗雄花先于雌花出现，雄花序出现18~26天后雌花开始出现，且雄花先于雌花1~5天开放；不同品种开花物候期有较大差异，早熟品种和晚熟品种初花期相差10天左右；不同品种雌雄花数量差异明显，其雌花与雄花数量比为1:(518~653)；不同品种结果枝生长、发育时期大致相近，但长度和粗度差异明显，其中，‘YLZ 7号’结果枝长度和粗度明显大于‘优16号’和‘优22号’。锥栗雌雄异熟，属雄先型植物，不同品种开花物候期、雌雄花数量差异明显，生产上应选择少雄花品种，或采取早期摘除部分雄花序、花期加强肥水管理等措施，以保证雌花生长和发育，提高锥栗产量和经济效益。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 玉米 磷肥 利用效率 影响因素 研究进展 |
| 收稿时间： | 7/1/2016 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/10/12 0:00:00 |
Floral Biological Characteristics of Castanea henryi |
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| Abstract: | To understand the growth and development regularity of male and female flowers and the floral biological characteristics of Castanea henryi, flowering rhythm, phenological phase, different number of male and female flowers and growth rhythm of male inflorescence and bearing shoot were studied by using different Castanea henryi cultivars as materials. The female flowers appeared later than the male flowers, which began to bloom 18 to 26 days after male inflorescence and 1 to 5 days after male flowers. There were differences among different cultivars at flowering phenological phase, and the flowering phase of early maturing cultivar was 10 days earlier than that of late maturing cultivar. There were significant differences among different cultivars with the number of male and female flowers, and the ratio of female to male was from (1:518) to (1:653). The growth and development phase of bearing shoot of different cultivars were similar, but the length and diameter of them were obviously distinct, and the length and diameter of bearing shoot of‘YLZ 7’were significantly greater than that of‘superior plant 16’and‘superior plant 22’. Castanea henryi was male-first type plant, the male
and female flowers bloom at different times. There were significant differences among different cultivars with flowering phenological phase and the number of male and female flowers. To ensure the growth and development of female flowers, and improve production and economic benefits of Castanea henryi, we should choose cultivars which have few male flowers, or take measures such as removing part of the male inflorescence at early stage, strengthening the management of water and fertilizer in the production. |
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| Keywords: | Castanea henryi male flower female flower phenological phase floral biology |
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