| 塔里木河下游水域环境变化及机理研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨家军,吐尔逊.哈斯木,郝永娟等.塔里木河下游水域环境变化及机理研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013(24):10076-10080,10091. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨家军 吐尔逊.哈斯木 郝永娟等 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41061047;40561013）;国家国际科技合作项目（2010DFA92720-12）;新疆大学“绿洲生态自治区（教育部省部共建）重点实验室”开放课题（XJDX0201-2009-10）. |
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| 摘 要： | 结合实地考察和塔里木河流域近50年水文、气象和社会统计等资料,运用数理统计方法,分析了塔里木河下游地区水环境变化及其原因.结果表明,自20世纪50年代以来,塔里木河下游来水量减少,地下水位埋深加大,地下水矿化度升高,尾闾湖泊出现干涸和枯竭状态.导致这种变化的主要原因,一方面是下游地区气候呈暖干趋势,降水少,蒸发量大,河流水量减少速度快;另一方面,主要是人类活动的干预,如上中游人口的快速增加,对粮食的需求增大,耕地面积的扩张,出现了水资源的分配和消耗极不均匀的现象.因此,塔里木河在今后的水资源利用和治理中,要更加关注人类活动的影响.
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| 关 键 词： | 水域环境 机理研究 塔里木河下游 |
Changes of Water Environment at the Lower Reaches of the Tarim River Basin in Recent 50 Years and Its Mechanism |
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| Institution: | YANG Jia-jun et al (Resources and Environmental Science College, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046) |
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| Abstract: | Combined with field trips and hydrological, meteorological and social statistics of the Tarim River Basin in recent 50 years, the math- ematical statistics and charts were used to analyze water environment change at the lower reaches of the Tarim River and causes. The results showed that since the 1950s, water source amount reduced, and groundwater depth and groundwater salinity increased; Weilu lake dried up and was in an exhaustion state. The main reasons for the change on the one hand were warm and dry climate trend, less precipitation, large evapora- tion, high speed of river water reducing; on the other hand, they were human activities, for example, population at the upper and middle reaches increased rapidly, arable land expanded, the distribution and consumption of water resources were uneven. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the influence of human activity in terms of the water utilization and overall control in the Tarim River Basin. |
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| Keywords: | Water environment Mechanism Lower reaches of the Tarim River Basin |
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