| 80份陆稻晚稻农家种资源的遗传多样性综合分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐志军,李亚波,欧阳红军,徐磊,安东升,刘洋.80份陆稻晚稻农家种资源的遗传多样性综合分析[J].热带作物学报,2022,43(5):930-939. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐志军 李亚波 欧阳红军 徐磊 安东升 刘洋 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站,广东湛江 5240912.国家农业绿色发展长期固定观测湛江试验站,广东湛江 5240913.广东省省级现代农业（耕地保育与节水农业）产业技术研发中心,广东湛江 5240914.云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明 650201 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金项目(1630102017006);中国热带农业科学院科技创新团队专项资金项目(17CXTD-07) |
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| 摘 要： | 为保护和利用陆稻农家种资源,本研究利用SNP标记和表型鉴定对80份陆稻晚稻农家种资源进行遗传多样性综合分析。结果表明：利用水稻1KSNP芯片对80份资源进行检测后共获得739个SNP的基因型数据,基于SNP的群体结构分析、PCA分析和聚类分析,均将80份资源分为云南亚群（63份）、海南亚群（11份）和贵州亚群（6份）共3个亚群,3个亚群间的平均遗传距离分别为0.83、0.63、0.80,其中海南亚群与其他2个亚群的遗传距离较远。贵州的陆稻资源分别属于贵州亚群和云南亚群,表明黔南地区的陆稻资源可能存在不同的来源。云南亚群可进一步分为3个亚群,平均遗传距离分别为0.30、0.28和0.22,表明细分亚群间的遗传距离很近。表型鉴定结果表明,11个表型性状的变异系数在4.09%~38.77%之间,其中有效分蘖数和穗重的变异系数较大,均超过25.00%,株高、种子长、种子宽、种子长宽比和种子圆度均值变异系数较小,均低于10%;遗传多样性指数范围为1.76~2.84,种子长的遗传多样性最丰富。相关分析结果表明,11个表型性状间存在着复杂的相关关系,其中种子长宽比与圆度均值的相关系数最高为0.98。在表型PCA分析中,前5个因子累计贡献率为82.37%,可反映表型性状的绝大部分信息,各成分的贡献率分别为29.08%、23.42%、12.35%、9.77%和7.75%,主要反映了株型和产量相关信息。80份资源的综合得分范围为0.15~0.73,排名前10的种质资源（ZRG36、ZRG101、ZRG58、ZRG31、ZRG1、ZRG102、ZRG104、ZRG63、ZRG29、ZRG11）均来自海拔较高地区,其中2份来源于海南,5份来源于贵州,3份来源于云南,且在穗长、种子长、种子宽、穗重和千粒重表现较好。该研究结果为陆稻农家种资源的保护和利用提供了参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 陆稻农家种 SNP 表型 遗传多样性 综合评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-26 |
Comprehensive Genetic Diversity Analysis of Eighty Late Upland Rice Landrace |
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| XU Zhijun,LI Yabo,OUYANG Hongjun,XU Lei,AN Dongsheng,LIU Yang.Comprehensive Genetic Diversity Analysis of Eighty Late Upland Rice Landrace[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2022,43(5):930-939. |
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| Authors: | XU Zhijun LI Yabo OUYANG Hongjun XU Lei AN Dongsheng LIU Yang |
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| Abstract: | The comprehensive genetic diversity of 80 upland rice landrace was evaluated based on SNP genotyping and phenotype identification, aiming to protect and utilize the upland rice landrace. The results showed that a total of 739 genotyping SNP data of the 80 landrace was obtained using a 1K rice SNP array. Based on the SNP genotyping data, the upland rice landrace was divided into Yunnan group, Hainan group and Guizhou group, through population structure analysis, PCA analysis and phylogenetic analysis. And there were 63, 11 and 6 landrace in the group, respectively. The genetic distance of the three groups was 0.83, 0.63 and 0.80, and the genetic distance between Hainan group and the other two groups was far relatively. The upland landrace, collected from Guizhou, were clustered into Guizhou group and Yunnan group respectively, indicating that there may be different sources of upland landrace in southern Guizhou. The coefficient variation of 11 agronomic and yield related traits ranged from 4.09% to 38.77%, and the coefficient variation of panicle weight and effective tiller was larger than 25.00%, while the coefficient variation of plant height, grain length, grain width, grain length/width ratio and mean grain roundness was smaller than 10%. The traits diversity index ranged from 1.76 to 2.94, and seed length had the greatest genetic diversity among the traits. Correlation analysis revealed complex correlation ship between the traits, and the correlation coefficient between grain length/width ration and mean grain roundness was 0.98. The phenotype PCA analysis showed that the first five principal components explained 29.08%, 23.42%, 12.35%, 9.77% and 7.75% phenotypic variation respectively. And the first five principal components totally explained 82.37% of the phenotypic variation, reflecting most information of the 11 traits. The comprehensive score of the landrace, extremely significant correlated with plant height, panicle length, flag leaf length, flag leaf width and effective tiller, was ranged from 0.15 to 0.73. The landrace ZRG36, ZRG101, ZRG58, ZRG31, ZRG1, ZRG102, ZRG104, ZRG63, ZRG29 and ZRG11 had the top comprehensive score all from higher elevations,. And the landrace, two from center region of Hainan Province, five from southern of Guizhou Province and three from Southwest and southeast of Yunnan Province, performed well in terms of panicle length, grain length, grain width, panicle weight and 1000-grain weight. The landrace were potential parent material for upland rice breeding or intermediate material for rice drought resistance breeding. The result will provide references for protecting and utilizing the upland rice landrace. |
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| Keywords: | upland rice landrace SNP phenotype genetic variation comprehensive evaluation |
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