| 水稻半矮杆突变体‘双辐矮糯’的农艺性状与遗传分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张林金,袁定阳,刘桃李,谭颖,杨震,曾建光,王学华,谭炎宁.水稻半矮杆突变体‘双辐矮糯’的农艺性状与遗传分析[J].热带作物学报,2022,43(6):1122-1128. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张林金 袁定阳 刘桃李 谭颖 杨震 曾建光 王学华 谭炎宁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙 4101282.湖南杂交水稻研究中心/杂交水稻国家重点实验室,湖南长沙 4101253.湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙 4101284.湖南人文科技学院农业与生物技术学院,湖南娄底 4170005.湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所,湖南长沙 410125 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（No.2017YFD0301501）； |
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| 摘 要： | 倒伏是影响水稻（Oryza sativa L.）生产的重要因素,半矮杆是协调高产和抗倒性的理想资源。前期通过辐射诱变‘湘辐糯1号’获得了半矮杆突变体‘双辐矮糯’。本研究分析了‘双辐矮糯’的茎节配置特点、基本农艺性状及其遗传规律。结果表明：‘双辐矮糯’株高较‘湘辐糯1号’（133.13 cm）降低了24.88 cm,穗、第1节和第2节长度显著缩短,降幅分别达到18.10%、23.06%和19.13%,而第3、4、5节长度缩短程度不明显,表明其株高突变基因主要控制穗和高位茎节的伸长。‘双辐矮糯’的单株有效穗为10.4个,是‘湘辐糯1号’（5.2个）的2.04倍,其强分蘖能力确保了在每穗总粒数下降20.24%和千粒重下降7.51%情况下单株产量仍表现出25.26%的增长。品质分析发现,‘双辐矮糯’的粒长、粒宽、长宽比等外观品质指标及直链淀粉含量、胶稠度等食味品质指标与‘湘辐糯1号’无显著差异,说明‘双辐矮糯’株高的下降未对外观品质与食味品质产生不利影响。遗传分析发现,48对SSR标记在‘双辐矮糯’与‘湘辐糯1号’间扩增出了完全一致的基因型,二者遗传背景相似度达到了100.00%,证实了‘双辐矮糯’是源于‘湘辐糯1号’的真实变异。利用‘双辐矮糯’与‘湘辐糯1号’构建了2个正反交F2群体,分析发现群体中半矮杆植株与野生型植株理论分离比符合1∶3,表明半矮杆性状受一个隐性细胞核基因控制。本研究明确了‘双辐矮糯’的株高表型和遗传特点,为深入挖掘其育种价值奠定基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 双辐矮糯 株高 半矮杆 突变体 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-26 |
Analysis on Agronomic Characters and Heritance for the Rice Semi-dwarf Mutant ‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’ |
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| ZHANG Linjin,YUAN Dingyang,LIU Taoli,TAN Ying,YANG Zhen,ZENG Jianguang,WANG Xuehua,TAN Yanning.Analysis on Agronomic Characters and Heritance for the Rice Semi-dwarf Mutant ‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2022,43(6):1122-1128. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Linjin YUAN Dingyang LIU Taoli TAN Ying YANG Zhen ZENG Jianguang WANG Xuehua TAN Yanning |
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| Abstract: | Lodging is an important factor affecting the production of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The semi-dwarf materials are ideal germplasms to coordinate the contradiction between yield and lodging resistance. Previously, a semi-dwarf mutant named ‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’ was obtained in ‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’ induced by radiation mutagenesis. Here, this work aims to reveal its characters on stem node configuration, basic agronomic traits and genetic law. It showed that ‘Shuang- Fu-Ai-Nuo’ was 24.88 cm lower than ‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’ with a plant height of 133.11 cm. In particular, panicle, the first and second stem node was notably shortened by 18.10%, 23.06% and 19.19% respectively. But, the third, fourth and fifth ones were not obviously shortened, indicating the target gene mainly controlls the elongation of panicle and upper stem node. The effective panicle number per plant in ‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’ amounted to 10.4, and it was 2.04 times of the level of 5.2 in ‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’. Such a superiority ensured an increase of 25.26% in yield per plant although a decrease of 20.24% for total grains per panicle and 7.51% for grain weight. Meanwhile, no notable difference was observed in appearance quality including grain length, grain width and length to width ratio between ‘Xiang-Fu- Nuo No.1’ and ‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’. Similarly, the two samples remained the same level on the eating quality regarding amylose content and gel consistency, suggesting the semi-dwarfism habit has no adverse effects on rice quality. The detection of genetic background revealed that, ‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’ and ‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’ confered the same genotype for each one of the 48 SSR markers. Due to the genetic similarity of 100.00%, ‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’ was confirmed a real sibling that induced from ‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’. Moreover, the inheritance of the trait of plant height were investigated, by employing two F2 population derived from ‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’ reciprocally crossed with ‘Xiang-Fu-Nuo No.1’. The theoretical separation ratio of semi-dwarf plants to wild-type plants was in line with 1:3, that proves the target gene is controlled via a single recessive nuclear gene. This study clarified the phenotype of plant height and genetic pattern of ‘Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo’, providing a basis for better mining its usage in rice genetic improvement. |
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| Keywords: | Oryza sativa L Shuang-Fu-Ai-Nuo plant height semi-dwarf mutant |
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