| 饲料蛋白质水平对拟穴青蟹幼蟹生长性能、体成分和消化酶活性的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 董兰芳,童潼,张琴,许明珠,苏琼,聂振平,杨家林,谢达,林凤.饲料蛋白质水平对拟穴青蟹幼蟹生长性能、体成分和消化酶活性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2017,24(3):524-532. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董兰芳 童潼 张琴 许明珠 苏琼 聂振平 杨家林 谢达 林凤 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所,广西海洋生物技术重点实验室,广西北海 536000;2. 北海市生产力促进中心,广西北海,536000 |
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| 基金项目： | 广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科合 14125008-2-20;桂科能 1598020-10;桂科合 1599005-2-18;桂科AB16380105)，广西自然科学基金项目(2013GXNSFAA019105) |
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| 摘 要： | 用蛋白质水平分别为31.45%,36.37%,41.55%,46.13%,51.72%和56.86%的6种等能饲料,对初始体重为(11.86?0.11)mg的拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)幼蟹进行为期3周的养殖实验,考察饲料蛋白质水平对拟穴青蟹幼蟹生长性能、体成分以及消化酶活性的影响,以期获得拟穴青蟹幼蟹饲料蛋白质的适宜添加量。结果表明,饲料蛋白质水平对拟穴青蟹幼蟹的成活率影响不显著(P0.05);幼蟹的增重率和特定生长率随饲料蛋白质水平的提高先显著升高(P0.05)后稍有下降,最大值出现在蛋白质水平为51.72%的实验组;随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高,幼蟹粗蛋白质含量显著升高(P0.05)后趋于稳定,粗脂肪含量显著降低(P0.05),灰分含量先显著升高(P0.05)后显著降低(P0.05),水分含量则没有显著变化(P0.05);随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高,幼蟹蛋白酶活性显著升高(P0.05),淀粉酶活性显著降低(P0.05),各组脂肪酶活性也有显著差异(P0.05),但没有明显的变化规律。本研究条件下,饲料蛋白质水平在41.55%~56.86%,拟穴青蟹幼蟹均表现出较好的生长率,增重率和蛋白质水平的回归分析表明,幼蟹饲料蛋白质适宜水平为49.03%。
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| 关 键 词： | 拟穴青蟹幼蟹 蛋白质水平 生长性能 体成分 消化酶活性 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/5/17 0:00:00 |
Effect of dietary protein level on growth performance, body composition, and digestive enzyme activities in green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) juveniles |
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| DONG Lanfang,TONG Tong,ZHANG Qin,XU Mingzhu,SU Qiong,NIE Zhenping,YANG Jialin,XIE D,LIN Feng.Effect of dietary protein level on growth performance, body composition, and digestive enzyme activities in green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) juveniles[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2017,24(3):524-532. |
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| Authors: | DONG Lanfang TONG Tong ZHANG Qin XU Mingzhu SU Qiong NIE Zhenping YANG Jialin XIE D LIN Feng |
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| Institution: | 1. Guangxi Institute of Oceanology, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangxi, Beihai 536000, China;2. Beihai Productivity Promotion Center, Beihai 536000, China |
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| Abstract: | The green mud crabScylla paramamosainhas been widely cultured in coastal areas of southern China for many years, with production reaching approximately 14.1 tons in 2015. The successful farming of mud crabs presently depends on conventional diets, comprising mainly trash fish, mollusk meat and animal viscera, but the demand for these foods by the crab industry is difficult to satisfy. Compared with the traditional feeds, compound feeds offer better-balanced nutrition and have better storage qualities. Studies of the nutritional requirements of cultured mud crab are important to developing cost-effective, environmentally friendly and nutritionally balanced artificial diets. Dietary protein, a major macronutrient in aquatic animal diets, provides the essential and non-essential amino acids needed to synthesize body protein and energy. As protein represents the most expensive component in feeds, it is important to determine the optimal level for a cultured species. This study investigated the effects of dietary protein level on growth performance, body composition, and digestive enzyme activities in mud crab(S. paramamosain) juveniles. Six isoenergetic diets were formulated with varying protein content (i.e., 31.45%, 36.37%, 41.55%, 46.13%, 51.72% and 56.86%) and fed to juvenile mud crabs for three weeks. Triplicate groups of 80 juvenile crabs, with an average body weight of 11.86 ± 0.11 mg, were randomly assigned to each of the six diets. Each crab was raised in a bucket (20 cm diameter × 25 cm height) provided with a 5 cm layer of sand. The results showed that the dietary protein level did not influence crab survival rate in any of the treatments (P<0.05). The weight gain ratio and specific growth rate of the juvenile crabs significantly increased as dietary protein was increased from 31.45% to 51.72% (P<0.05), and then the indicators showed a slight decrease with a further increase to 56.86% protein; the gains were highest for crabs fed 51.72% protein. Dietary protein level sig-nificantly affected the whole-body crude protein, lipid and ash contents (P<0.05), but did not show any significant influence on the moisture content of the crabs (P>0.05). Values for crude protein content of crabs raised on one of the four higher protein diets (41.55%?56.86%) were significantly higher than that for crabs fed a lower protein diet (31.45% and 36.37%) (P<0.05), while the whole-body lipid content significantly decreased as the dietary protein content was increased (P<0.05). The trend in whole-body ash content was similar to that observed for weight gain ratio, which significantly increased at first and then decreased as the dietary protein content was in-creased (P<0.05). With an increasing level of dietary protein, the protease activity significantly increased (P<0.05) and amylase activity significantly decreased (P<0.05). The level of dietary protein also affected lipase activity in the crabs. Under the present experimental conditions, juvenile green mud crabs fed 41.55%?56.86% protein exhibited the best growth performance, and regression analysis showed that the optimal level was 49.03% protein. These results will be helpful for formulating pelleted diets for commercial mud crab culture. Future studies of protein metabolism mechanisms and the interactions of proteins with other nutritional components are recom-mended for this species. |
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| Keywords: | Scylla paramamosain protein level growth performance body composition digestive enzyme activi-ties |
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