Characterization of ethylene biosynthesis and its regulation during fruit ripening in kiwifruit,Actinidia chinensis ‘Sanuki Gold’ |
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| Authors: | Eric G Mworia Takashi Yoshikawa Naoki Yokotani Tetsuo Fukuda Katsuhiko Suezawa Koichiro Ushijima Ryohei Nakano Yasutaka Kubo |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Postharvest Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;2. Kagawa Agricultural Experiment Station 6117-1 Fuchu-Cho, Sakaide, Kagawa 762-0024, Japan;3. Research Institute for Biological Sciences, 7549-1, Yoshikawa, Kibichuo-cho, Okayama 716-1241, Japan;1. College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China;2. College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;3. Shaanxi Rural Science and Technology Development Center, Xi’an 710054, China;4. The College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, China;1. Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland;2. Department of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland;3. Department of Biology and Animal Environment, Faculty of Animal Science, (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland;4. Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam, South Korea;5. The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;1. KU Leuven, Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;2. KU Leuven, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;3. Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam;4. Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology (VCBT), Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;1. Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China;2. The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland Mail Centre, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand;3. Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China |
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| Abstract: | Ethylene biosynthesis in kiwifruit, Actinidia chinensis ‘Sanuki Gold’ was characterized using propylene, an ethylene analog, and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibitor of ethylene perception. In fruit harvested between a young stage (66 days after pollination) (DAP) and an early commercial harvesting stage (143 DAP), 2 days of exposure to propylene were sufficient to initiate ethylene biosynthesis while in fruit harvested at commercial harvesting stage (154 DAP), 4 days of propylene treatment were required. This observation suggests that response of ethylene biosynthesis to propylene treatment in kiwifruit declined with fruit maturity. Propylene treatment resulted in up-regulated expression of AC-ACO1, AC-ACO2, AC-SAM1 and AC-SAM2, prior to the induction of AC-ACS1 and ethylene production, confirming that AC-ACS1 is the rate limiting step in ethylene biosynthesis in kiwifruit. Treatment of fruit with more than 5 μL L?1 of 1-MCP after the induction of ethylene production subsequently suppressed ethylene production and expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes. Treatment of fruit with 1-MCP at harvest followed with propylene treatment delayed the induction of ethylene production and AC-ACS1 expression for 5 days. These observations suggest that in ripening kiwifruit, ethylene biosynthesis is regulated by positive feedback mechanism and that 1-MCP treatment at harvest effectively delays ethylene production by 5 days. |
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