Upland rice seedling wilt and microbial biomass and enzyme activities of compost-treated soils |
| |
| Authors: | Shixue Yin Yuanhua Dong Yangchun Xu Qiwei Huang Qirong Shen |
| |
| Institution: | (1) State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People’s Republic of China;(2) College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China;(3) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People’s Republic of China; |
| |
| Abstract: | Rice seedling wilt frequently occurs in upland nurseries under well-aerated conditions and causes considerable economic loss.
Whether the wilt is pathogenic or edaphic is not known. We hypothesize the use of composts to alleviate seedling wilt. The
severity level of upland rice seedling wilt was significantly (p < 0.05) positively correlated with soil pH (r = 0.499; n = 19), but negatively correlated with soil organic matter (r = −0.745), microbial biomass C (r = −0.669), activities of dehydrogenase (r = −0.589), arylsulfatase (r = −0.272), fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (r = −0.466), and β-glucosidase (r = −0.280). Correlations between severity level and soil inorganic N and exchangeable potassium K were not significant. Contents
of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn in healthy seedlings were not significantly (p < 0.05) different from those in infected seedlings. These data suggest that seedling wilts are not associated with nutrient
constraints. Compost amendment at the rate of 3% or above in pot experiments significantly improved seedling growth and reduced
the wilt symptoms. Field trials further showed that aboveground weight of seedlings in compost-amended treatment ranged from
11.5 to 14.9 mg per plant, significantly higher than the range from 6.38 to 12.1 mg per plant in the control treatment; in
addition to rice growth compost significantly increased microbial biomass and enzyme activities of soils. Soil fumigation
significantly increased rice growth and alleviation symptoms in 11 out of 19 soils, suggesting the involvement of pathogens.
It is concluded that upland seedling wilt is a pathogen-associated disease. Probably high soil pH and low soil biochemical
activities may favor pathogen activities. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录！ |
|
