| 不同农地整治模式对农户生态系统服务依赖度的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张超正,杨钢桥,文高辉.不同农地整治模式对农户生态系统服务依赖度的影响[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(6):261-270. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张超正 杨钢桥 文高辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 华中农业大学公共管理学院,武汉 430070;,1. 华中农业大学公共管理学院,武汉 430070;,2. 湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙 410081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（71503091,41801190）;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2662015PY127）;湖南省社会科学基金项目（18YBQ097）;湖南省自然科学基金项目（2019JJ50390） |
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| 摘 要： | 为从微观尺度分析不同农地整治模式对农户生态系统服务依赖度的影响及其差异,该文通过构建农户生态系统服务依赖度指数体系(index system of farmer dependence on ecosystem services,IDES),基于湖北省4县(市)483份农户调查数据,采用双重差分模型对比分析整治区与未整治区、新型农业经营主体主导模式整治区与地方政府主导模式整治区农户生态系统服务净收益和依赖度的差异。结果表明:农地整治后,整治区农户的供给服务收益、调节服务收益、文化服务收益、生态系统服务收益和其他社会经济活动收益分别增加33.20%、5.34%、35.09%、32.12%和33.23%,其中新型农业经营主体主导模式整治区分别增加53.06%、5.40%、33.33%、49.33%和42.40%,地方政府主导模式整治区分别增加6.46%、5.25%、38.89%、8.24%和27.02%,而同期未整治区分别增加17.01%、4.66%、22.34%、16.85%和22.98%;整治区农户的供给服务指数、调节服务指数、文化服务指数和生态系统服务依赖度总指数分别发生-28.60%、-21.05%、-6.45%和-26.91%的变化,其中新型农业经营主体主导模式整治区分别发生-36.57%、-24.69%、-16.24%和-34.52%的变化,地方政府主导模式整治区分别发生-18.97%、-17.27%、+16.42%和-17.59%的变化,而同期未整治区分别发生-8.34%、-13.39%、-4.10%和-8.36%的变化。这表明农地整治是优化农户收入结构和降低农户生态系统服务依赖度的有效途径,且新型农业经营主体主导模式的农地整治的作用效果明显大于地方政府主导模式的农地整治,地方政府主导模式的农地整治的作用效果仍有上升空间。研究结果可为实现生态系统服务与家庭福祉在微观尺度的结合提供理论支持和方法借鉴,也为农地整治项目的合理持续推进提供政策启示。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地利用 土地整治 生态 模式 农户福祉 生态系统服务依赖度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/8/31 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/2/20 0:00:00 |
Impact of different rural land consolidation modes on farmers' dependence on ecosystem services |
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| Zhang Chaozheng,Yang Gangqiao and Wen Gaohui.Impact of different rural land consolidation modes on farmers' dependence on ecosystem services[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2019,35(6):261-270. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Chaozheng Yang Gangqiao and Wen Gaohui |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Public Administration, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;,1. College of Public Administration, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; and 2. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Implementing rural land consolidation projects (RLCP) is believed to be an intervention that is effective at alleviating the problem of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", as well as optimizing the spatial pattern and service functions of ecosystem. Evaluation on ecological benefits of RLCP depends on the value of ecosystem services, as well as the effective assessment of farmers well-being change caused by policy choices or farmers'' activities, integrating and quantifying farmers'' net income from ecosystem services is the key to providing scientific and effective decision-making for the relationship balance between farmers well-being and ecosystem services. In recent years, some places carried out RLCP in new agricultural business entities-dominant mode, which was different from local government-dominant mode. This study aimed to analyze the impact of different RLCP modes on the dependence on ecosystem services from the micro-perspective of farmers. Based on the construction of index system of farmer dependence on ecosystem services (IDES), we investigated 483 farmers of 4 counties and cities in Hubei Province for livelihood data of 2014 and 2017, and then integrated and quantified the net income from ecosystem services and dependence on ecosystem services of farmers. Difference-in-differences model was employed to analyze the difference of farmers'' net income from ecosystem services and dependence on ecosystem services between consolidated areas and unconsolidated areas, and that between new agricultural business entities-dominant mode areas and local government-dominant mode areas. The results indicate that: 1) The income from provisioning service, regulating services, cultural services, ecosystem services and other social-economic activities increased by 33.20%, 5.34%, 35.09%, 32.12% and 33.23% respectively in consolidated areas after consolidation. The income increased by 53.06%, 5.40%, 33.33%, 49.33% and 42.40% respectively in new agricultural business entities-dominant mode areas. The income increased by 6.46%, 5.25%, 38.89%, 8.24% and 27.02% respectively in local government-dominant mode areas, while they increased by 17.01%, 4.66%, 22.34%, 16.85% and 22.98% respectively in unconsolidated areas at the same time; 2) The index of provisioning service, regulating services, cultural services and ecosystem services changed by -28.60%, -21.05%, -6.45% and -26.91% in consolidated areas after consolidation, they changed by -36.57%, -24.69%, -16.24% and -34.52% respectively in new agricultural business entities-dominant mode areas, they changed by -18.97%, -17.27%, +16.42% and -17.59% respectively in local government-dominant mode areas, while they changed by -8.34%, -13.39%, -4.10% and -8.36% respectively in unconsolidated areas at the same time. Implementing RLCP is an effective way to optimize farmers'' income structure and reduce farmers'' dependence on ecosystem services, which increases the share of socio-economy income and reduces the share of ecosystem-service income, and the effect of new agricultural business entities-dominant mode is more obvious than that of government-dominant mode. There is still much room for improvement in local government-dominant mode to optimize farmers'' income structure and reduce farmers'' dependence on ecosystem services. This study provides approach and method for linking ecosystem services and farmers well-being at micro-scale, as well as policy implication for reasonable and continuous promotion of RLCP. |
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| Keywords: | land use land consolidation ecosystem mode farmer well-being dependence on ecosystem services |
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