| 基于多场景模型的沙漠-绿洲交错带林草生态网络模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 苏凯,于强,YANG Di,张启斌,杨斓,孙小婷.基于多场景模型的沙漠-绿洲交错带林草生态网络模拟[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(9):243-253. |
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| 作者姓名： | 苏凯 于强 YANG Di 张启斌 杨斓 孙小婷 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京林业大学,北京林业大学,弗罗里达大学,北京林业大学,北京林业大学,北京林业大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（BLX201806）和中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2018M641218) |
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| 摘 要： | 沙漠的迅速扩张对生态脆弱地区的社会经济和环境构成了巨大威胁。选取位于沙漠绿洲地区的内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市磴口县作为研究区,以遥感影像数据和DEM数据为基础,设置11种发展策略,利用引力模型和MCR模型构建了森林-草地生态网络(FG生态网络)多场景仿真模型,提取出不同发展策略下的生态网络,并利用复杂网络理论分析了11种发展策略中网络的拓扑结构和统计特征。结果表明,发展策略的不同会造成不同的生态基质,本文构建的模型可以模拟受基质变化影响的斑块之间的相互作用。随着发展策略中经济发展的比重增加,研究区内连接生态斑块的生态网络逐渐遭到破坏,部分生态斑块之间的连接方式发生了变化,并且网络连通性和核数、平均节点连接数等指标呈下降趋势。(0. 9,0. 1)发展策略中网络密度略有增加,而其他策略中网络密度随经济发展比重的增加而逐渐减小。经济发展不一定导致该地区生态环境恶化,在现有自然条件下,研究区仍有经济发展空间,但发展空间有限。识别出36个关键生态节点,识别出研究区骨架廊道总长度为1 236. 89 km。建议加强关键生态节点、骨架廊道的生态建设与保护,实行较严格的生态管控措施。
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| 关 键 词： | 沙漠-绿洲交错带 林草生态网络 生态引力 骨架廊道 多场景模拟 发展策略 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/5/27 0:00:00 |
Simulation of Forest-grass Ecological Network Based on Multi-scene Model in Typical Desert-oasis Ecotone |
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| SU Kai,YU Qiang,YANG Di,ZHANG Qibin,YANG Lan and SUN Xiaoting.Simulation of Forest-grass Ecological Network Based on Multi-scene Model in Typical Desert-oasis Ecotone[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(9):243-253. |
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| Authors: | SU Kai YU Qiang YANG Di ZHANG Qibin YANG Lan and SUN Xiaoting |
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| Institution: | Beijing Forestry University,Beijing Forestry University,University of Florida,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing Forestry University and Beijing Forestry University |
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| Abstract: | The rapid expansion of the desert poses a huge threat to the socio economic and environmental conditions of ecologically fragile areas. Dengkou County of Bayannaoer City, Inner Mongolia, which located in the desert oasis area, was selected as the study area. Remote sensing image data and digital elevation model (DEM) data were used as research materials, and 11 simulation scenarios of development strategies were set up for this region. A multiple scenario simulation model of the ecological network (the FG eco-network multi-scenario simulation model) was constructed, and the gravity model and the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model were used to extract the forest-grass ecological network (FG eco-network) in the study area. The complex network theory was used to analyze the topology and statistical characteristics of the FG eco network in 11 development scenarios. The results showed that the ecological network connecting ecological patches in the study area was gradually destroyed with the increase of the proportion of economic development in the development scenario;the connection mode between some ecological patches was changed;and indicators such as network connectivity, coreness, and average number of node connections of networks showed a decreasing trend. It was found that the network density was increased slightly in the (0.9, 0.1) mode, while it was gradually decreased in other scenarios with the increase of proportion of economic development. Moreover, in the (0.9, 0.1) mode, although the destruction occurred at the edge of the desert, the FG eco network within the sample circle was expanded. The economic development did not necessarily lead to the deterioration of the ecological environment in this area. Under the existing natural conditions, the study area still had room for economic development, but the space was limited. Finally, totally 36 key ecological nodes were extracted, and the skeleton corridors of the study area were identified as 1236.89km. The study proposed to strengthen the key construction and protection of ecological construction of key ecological nodes and skeleton corridors, and implement stricter ecological management and control measures. |
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| Keywords: | desert-oasis ecotone forest-grass ecological network ecological gravity skeleton corridors multi-scene simulation development strategy |
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