| 风险矩阵和流程分析法挖掘小麦粉加工中质量安全追溯信息 |
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| 引用本文： | 钱建平,宋英卓,王姗姗,吴晓明,罗季阳.风险矩阵和流程分析法挖掘小麦粉加工中质量安全追溯信息[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(2):302-308. |
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| 作者姓名： | 钱建平 宋英卓 王姗姗 吴晓明 罗季阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京农业信息技术研究中心,北京 100097; 2. 农产品质量安全追溯技术及应用国家工程实验室,北京 100097;,1. 北京农业信息技术研究中心,北京 100097; 3. 天津科技大学电子信息与自动化学院,天津 300222;,1. 北京农业信息技术研究中心,北京 100097; 4. 北京林业大学信息学院,北京 100083;,1. 北京农业信息技术研究中心,北京 100097; 2. 农产品质量安全追溯技术及应用国家工程实验室,北京 100097;,5. 中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京 100176; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面向项目"连续闭环加工中智能柔性追溯模型构建及系统验证：以小麦粉加工为例"（31671593）;国家重点研发计划项目-跨境食品快速通关关键技术研究及智慧口岸信息平台构建(2016YFD0401105);北京市农林科学院2017年度科研创新平台建设（KYCXPT201723)联合资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 小麦粉加工中原辅料来源多样、追溯信息复杂,已有追溯信息的确定或依靠经验判别或根据信息获取难易程度确定。该研究基于原国家食品药品监督管理总局公布的2014年1月1日-2018年3月31日的共15518批次小麦粉抽检数据,分析其不合格率状况,得到影响小麦粉质量安全的主要因素为脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、过氧化苯甲酰、铝、铅、镉、苯并芘、脱氢乙酸等7种物质;采用LD50值、致癌性等不同的危害程度指标,对7种风险进行了风险赋值;构建了以风险发生可能性和风险危害程度为核心的风险二维矩阵图,通过识别得到,脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇风险最高,为四级;苯并芘风险为三级;过氧化苯甲酰、铝、铅、镉风险均为二级;脱氢乙酸风险最低,为一级。通过对小麦加工流程分析,对危害物质进行了定位,得到小麦粉追溯的关键节点是原料入库、原粮储藏、物质添加、检化验等4个动态环节以及设备状态、包装材料特性等2个静态特征;以此为基础,从批次编码关联和追溯关键点信息采集角度构建了小麦粉追溯系统;与已有系统相比,该研究在扩展追溯链、优化追溯信息采集内容方面具有优势;为追溯系统研究中质量安全信息的挖掘与分析提供了有益方法。
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| 关 键 词： | 农产品 风险评估 食品加工 追溯 小麦粉 风险矩阵 流程分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/8/9 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/1/8 0:00:00 |
Quality and safety traceable information mining in wheat flour processing based on risk matrix and flow analysis method |
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| Qian Jianping,Song Yingzhuo,Wang Shanshan,Wu Xiaoming and Luo Jiyang.Quality and safety traceable information mining in wheat flour processing based on risk matrix and flow analysis method[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2019,35(2):302-308. |
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| Authors: | Qian Jianping Song Yingzhuo Wang Shanshan Wu Xiaoming and Luo Jiyang |
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| Institution: | 1. Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 2. National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing 100097, China;,1. Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 3. College of Electronic Information and Automation, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300222, China;,1. Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 4. College of Information, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;,1. Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China; 2. National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-product Quality Traceability, Beijing 100097, China; and 5.Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China; |
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| Abstract: | Traceability information in wheat flour processing is complex because of various sources of raw and auxiliary materials. Collecting and confirmation of the information in existed method depends on developer''s experience or information availability. The lack of in-depth mining and analysis has affected the efficiency of information collection and the continuous application of traceability. The study is based on the data of 15 518 batches of wheat flour sampled by the former State Food and Drug Administration from January 1, 2014 to March 31, 2018. The geographical distribution of the unqualified products and the causes of the unqualified products were analyzed. In the 74 batches of unqualified products, 45 batches were caused by deoxynivalenol. The result from benzoperoxide is 12 batches. The other substances such as aluminum, lead, cadmium, benzopyrone and dehydroacetic acid, is respectively 10 batches, 2 batches, 2 batches, 2 batches and 1 batch. Therefore, the ranking of seven main factors causing wheat flour quality and safety were deoxynivalenol, benzoperoxide, aluminum, lead/cadmium/benzopyrone and dehydroacetic acid. The ranking was acted as the probability of hazard occurrence. According to different international measurement indicators, the risk was assigned to 7 kinds of risks by using different hazard indicators such as LD50 value and carcinogenicity. The higher assessment value was, the higher risk harm degree. In the 7 substances, benzopyrone had the highest risk harm degree and benzoperoxide had the lowest risk harm degree. A two-dimensional risk matrix was constructed based on the probability of hazard occurrence and the severity of hazard occurrence. According to the risk identification, the risk of deoxynivalenol was the highest, which was level 4; the risk of benzopyrone was level 3; the risk of benzoperoxide, aluminum, lead and cadmium was the second level; the risk of dehydroacetic acid was the lowest. Through wheat processing flow analysis and hazard substances orientating, the key nodes of wheat flour traceability was identified, which included dynamic links such as raw material storage, raw grain storage and material addition, as well as static status of equipment and packaging materials feature. Based on the risk analysis result, the wheat flour processing management and traceability system was designed and developed with the batches coding and association rules of raw batches, processing batches and traceability batches, and the key traceable information. The system includes basic information management, raw material storage information collection, raw material storage information management, processing information collection, testing information collection, bar code generation and printing, query and statistics and system management functions. This paper proposes a key traceability information mining method based on risk matrix method and process analysis in wheat flour processing, and is applied to the development of actual traceability system. Compared with existing systems, the traceability of the processing process can be realized by correlating the different batches of raw materials, processing batches and finished products with this system. The traceability accuracy can be improved. When quality and safety problems occur, the system is more conducive to the realization of accurate recall. On the other hand, the system is improved by combining the traceability and hierarchical information of mining, which can improve the efficiency and pertinence of information acquisition in the process of wheat flour processing and facilitate the application of the system in wheat flour processing enterprises. |
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| Keywords: | agricultural products risk assessment food processing traceability wheat flour risk matrix process analysis |
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