Survival,growth and reproduction by big-leaf mahogany (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Swietenia macrophylla</Emphasis>) in open clearing vs. forested conditions in Brazil |
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| Authors: | James Grogan Mark Schulze Jurandir Galvão |
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| Institution: | 1.Yale University School of Forestry & Environmental Studies,New Haven,USA;2.Instituto do Homem e Meio Ambiente da Amaz?nia (IMAZON),Belém,Brazil;3.H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest & Oregon State University,Blue River,USA;4.Instituto Floresta Tropical (IFT),Belém,Brazil;5.School of Forest Resources & Conservation,University of Florida,Gainesville,USA;6.Tauari/Capanema,Pará,Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) trees are often retained in agricultural fields and pastures for seed and timber production after selective logging and
forest clearing in the Brazilian Amazon. At a forest management site in southeast Pará, we censused trees growing scattered
across a large open clearing after forest removal and in heavily disturbed forest after selective logging and canopy thinning
for survival, stem diameter growth, fruit production, and date of dry season flowering initiation annually during 1997–2003.
Trees in the open clearing died at faster rates, grew more slowly, produced fewer fruit, and initiated flowering earlier,
on average, than trees in logged and thinned forest during this period. The principal cause of mortality and stem damage in
both environments was dry season groundfires. Mahogany trees in logged and thinned forest at the study site grew faster than
mahogany trees at a selectively logged but otherwise undisturbed closed-canopy forest site in this region during the same
period. This was likely due to vine elimination by groundfires, increased crown exposure after canopy thinning, and soil nutrient
inputs due to groundfires. Without effective regulation and control of anthropogenic fires, attempts to manage remnant mahogany
trees for future timber yields or to restore commercially viable populations in this region may prove futile. |
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