| 福建茶树品种选育现状及其对茶产业的推动作用分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨如兴,何孝延,张磊,陈芝芝,尤志明.福建茶树品种选育现状及其对茶产业的推动作用分析[J].福建农业学报,2017,32(8):909-916. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨如兴 何孝延 张磊 陈芝芝 尤志明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所,福建福安,355015;2. 福建省农业厅,福建福州,350003 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家农业产业技术体系建设专项，福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过分析福建茶树品种资源搜集保护与利用、茶树育种目标的变迁与品种选育、育成品种来源与茶类适制性、品种对产业推动和茶类贡献及茶农增效等概况,结果表明:福建茶树品种资源丰富,已搜集保护与利用品种资源或育种材料7 000多个;随着早生、高产到优质育种目标的变迁,现已育成品种45个,其中35.6%的品种适制乌龙茶、红茶和绿茶,26.7%的品种适制白茶,具有多茶类适制和转制茶类灵活的优势;茶树良种的陆续育成及其配套栽培技术的普及与推广,促进了茶园面积的增长、茶叶单产的提高和茶类结构的优化,进而推动福建茶产业的快速发展;并对今后福建茶树资源搜集、多元化和个性化特色育种、良种推广和茶类加工等进行了展望。
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| 关 键 词： | 福建 茶树 品种资源 茶类适制性 推广应用 |
Current situation of new Variety Breeding and Promotion for Tea Industry in Fujian |
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| YANG Ru-xing,HE Xiao-yan,ZHANG Lei,CHEN Zhi-zhi,YOU Zhi-ming.Current situation of new Variety Breeding and Promotion for Tea Industry in Fujian[J].Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2017,32(8):909-916. |
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| Authors: | YANG Ru-xing HE Xiao-yan ZHANG Lei CHEN Zhi-zhi YOU Zhi-ming |
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| Abstract: | This article reviews the status of collecting,protecting and applying existing resource of tea germplasms,breeding new varieties and formulating objectives,compiling information on tea origins and suitability for processing,promoting business and new products,as well as searching for means to improve farmers' income for the tea industry in Fujian.The resource on germplasms for breeding is abundant in the province.There are more than 7,000 varieties collected and well preserved for studies and applications.The objectives set forth by the industry and government on tea breeding have undergone changes over the years,from early budding to high yield to excelled quality.To date,there have been 45 cultivars successfully bred locally.Among them,35.6 ％ were deemed suitable for making oolong,black or green teas,and 26.7％ for white tea.This allowed a flexibility for tea processing and fresh leaves utilization.Each new cultivar was bred individually based on the conditions of cultivation,process technology and market demand.As a result,the plantation acreage and production of teas had rapidly increased in the past,supported by the optimized operations and marketing for the industry.Prospects in the areas of germplasm collection,breeding diversification and specialization,unique cultivar promotion,and processing technology development on teas are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Fujian tea germplasm resources processing suitability promotion application |
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