| 精异丙甲草胺对小麦药害及其安全剂解毒作用初步研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴仁海,孙慧慧,苏旺苍,薛 飞,徐洪乐,鲁传涛,孙建伟,杨东升.精异丙甲草胺对小麦药害及其安全剂解毒作用初步研究[J].植物保护,2017,43(1):99-105. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴仁海 孙慧慧 苏旺苍 薛 飞 徐洪乐 鲁传涛 孙建伟 杨东升 |
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| 作者单位： | 农业部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室，中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，北京 100193 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业（农业）科研专项（2012BAD19B04） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探索精异丙甲草胺在小麦田的应用技术,室内研究了精异丙甲草胺对小麦的安全性,对安全剂进行筛选,并对安全剂作用机制进行初步研究。结果表明,精异丙甲草胺对小麦的生长抑制作用随着土壤含水量增大及温度的下降而上升。对4种安全剂进行筛选,结果表明,解草酮0.5、5g/kg种子处理能够显著降低精异丙甲草胺对小麦的药害,解草啶、二氯丙烯胺、苯叉酰胺在低剂量下能够一定程度缓解精异丙甲草胺药害,但高剂量无缓解作用。进一步研究表明,解草酮0.5~4g/kg种子处理能够有效降低精异丙甲草胺150~600g/hm2(有效成分含量)造成的小麦药害,缓解率均在20%以上,其中1g/kg解草酮种子处理缓解效果最好,提高小麦对精异丙甲草胺的耐药性可达4倍以上。生理指标测定结果表明,解草酮1g/kg种子处理可显著提高小麦出苗期(播后4~6d)GSTs比活力,而GSH含量与对照相当或降低。表明解草酮可能通过提高小麦GSTs活力来增强GSH对精异丙甲草胺的轭合代谢作用,而非通过增加GSH含量来提升精异丙甲草胺降解。
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| 关 键 词： | 噻唑膦 酸碱度 介质 热贮稳定性 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/2/23 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2016/5/11 0:00:00 |
Phytotoxicity of S-metolachlor to wheat and its safener |
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| Wu Renhai,Sun Huihui,Su Wangcang,Xue Fei,Xu Hongle,Lu Chuantao,Sun Jianwei,Yang Dongsheng.Phytotoxicity of S-metolachlor to wheat and its safener[J].Plant Protection,2017,43(1):99-105. |
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| Authors: | Wu Renhai Sun Huihui Su Wangcang Xue Fei Xu Hongle Lu Chuantao Sun Jianwei Yang Dongsheng |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China |
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| Abstract: | The stability of fosthiazate is the key to the selection of formulations and application. In order to improve the stability of fosthiazate, prolong the lasting period and screen out the optimal stable condition, the effects of pH and media including EW, bentonite and kieselguhr on the degradation of fosthiazate were conducted by means of hot storage stability test. The results illustrated that the ratios of fosthiazate degration in different media were: EW> bentonite>kieselguhr at the same pH. pH and stabilizer had a great effect on the single formulations. The results demonstrated that fosthiazate was relatively stable at pH 4.5, and adding 0.2% epoxidized soybean oil could keep the degradation rate below 10%. Our results indicate that fosthiazate is more stable in acidic medium and in soil medium than in EW. |
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| Keywords: | fosthiazate pH medium heat storage stability |
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