Effect of humic acid amendment on cadmium bioavailability and accumulation by pak choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis L.) to alleviate dietary toxicity risk |
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| Authors: | Kiran Yasmin Khan Barkat Ali Xiaoqiang Cui Ying Feng Petter Joseph Stoffella Lin Tang |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China;2. The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China;3. Food Science and Product Development Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan;4. Indian River Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, Florida, USA |
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| Abstract: | Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil and its movement into food chain through vegetable dietary poses a risk to human health. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of humic acid (HA) and two cultivars of Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis L. (pak choi) with differing Cd accumulation abilities on Cd accumulation in different Cd contaminated Ferralsol, Histosol and Luvisol soils. The results showed that HA significantly increased soil pH and cation exchange capacity in Ferralsol (acidic) and Histosol (neutral) soils. HA was more effective in Ferralsol and Histosol soil in reducing bioavailable Cd and its accumulation in both cultivars. Low and high Cd accumulating cultivars combined with HA effectively reduced shoot Cd concentration by 7–34% and 19–35% in Histosol soil, whereas 22–34% and 11–26% in Ferralsol soil, respectively. However, no such reduction was observed for Cd accumulation and bioavailability in Cd-contaminated Luvisol (alkaline) soil. Application of HA enhanced shoot dry biomass in both cultivars grown in Histosol and Ferralsol soils. Therefore, the HA amendment combination with low Cd accumulating cultivars of pak choi could be an effective method for phytostabilization and reduce health risks associated with consuming this vegetable grown in Cd-contaminated acidic and neutral pH soils. |
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| Keywords: | Pak choi humic acid health risk soils |
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