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| 农业机械与信息技术融合发展现状与方向 | |
| 作者姓名： | 陈学庚 温浩军 张伟荣 潘佛雏 赵岩 |
| 作者单位： | 石河子大学 机械电气工程学院，新疆 石河子 832000 农业农村部西北农业装备重点实验室，新疆 石河子 832000 |
| 摘 要： | 为理清国内外农业机械与信息技术融合发展现状，找到重点发展方向，借此大力推进中国农业机械智能化发展，本文首先分析了国外农业机械与信息技术融合发展的现状，总结了其发展的五大特点。之后指出中国农业机械化发展虽然成效显著，但仍存在农机信息化融合的区域及结构发展不平衡、企业和农民对农业机械信息化的认可度还不高、基础研究与关键技术研究薄弱、农机作业信息系统管理水平不高且缺乏统一标准等问题。最后提出了中国农业机械与信息技术融合发展的方向，包括促进智能感知技术发展与导航技术研究、推进农业机械装备智能化、构建农机智慧作业系统、推进农机自主作业技术研究与无人农场建设、加强农机信息化技术标准制定与复合型人才培养等。农业机械与信息技术融合是中国现代农业机械发展的必然趋势，利用信息技术促进农业机械的发展，能够最大化发挥信息技术的引导效应，提高农业生产效率，对于推进中国农业机械高质高效发展具有重要意义。 |
| 关 键 词： | 农业机械 信息技术 融合发展 智慧作业系统 无人农场 智能感知 导航 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-02-11 |
Advances and Progress of Agricultural Machinery and Sensing Technology Fusion |
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| Authors: | CHEN Xuegeng WEN Haojun ZHANG Weirong PAN Fochu ZHAO Yan |
| Institution: | College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832000, China |
| Abstract: | Agricultural machinery and equipment are important foundations for transforming agricultural development methods and promoting sustainable agricultural development, as well as are the key areas and core supports for promoting agricultural modernization. In order to clarify the development ideas of agricultural machinery informatization and find the key development directions, and vigorously promote the development of agricultural machinery intelligentization, the development status of foreign agricultural machinery and sensing technology fusion were analyzed in this article, and five major development characteristics: 1) development towarding digitalization, automation and informationization, 2) applying sensing technology to the design and manufacturing of agricultural machinery equipment, 3) rapidly developing of animal husbandry machinery sensing technology, 4) focusing on resource conservation and environmental protection, and sensing technology promoting sustainable agricultural development, and 5) towarding intelligent control, automatic operation and driving comfort development were summarized. Among them, some advanced intelligent agricultural machinery were introduced, including the German Krone BiGX700 self-propelled silage harvester, an automatic weeding and fertilization robot developed by the Queensland University of Technology in Australia—Agbot II, and John Deere CP690 self-propelled baler Cotton machine, etc. After that, the new characteristics of the development of agricultural mechanization in China were summarize, and the viewpoint was pointed out that although the current development of agricultural mechanization in China had achieved remarkable results, there were still problems such as low intelligence and informatization of agricultural machinery, and insufficient fusion of agricultural machinery and informatization. Then the prospects for the development of China's agricultural machinery and sensing technology fusion were put forward, including 1) promoting the development of intelligent perception technology and navigation technology research, 2) promoting the intelligentization of agricultural machinery and equipment, and building an agricultural intelligent operation system, 3) promoting the research of agricultural machinery autonomous operation technology and the construction of unmanned farms, and 4) strengthening the technical standard formulation of agricultural machinery informatization and the training of compound talents. The fusion of agricultural machinery and sensing technology can realize the effective and diversified fusion of agricultural mechanization and sensing technology, maximize the guiding effect of informatization, improve the efficiency of agricultural production in China, and promote the development of digital agriculture and modern agriculture. |
| Keywords: | agricultural machinery sensing technology fusion smart operating system unmanned farm intelligent perception navigation |
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